Green buildings and lived sustainabilities in Germany and Luxembourg

2019年，欧洲各国政府制定了到2050年实现温室气体净零排放的目标。由于其能源使用和碳排放的高份额以及巨大的减排潜力，建筑部门被视为实现这些雄心勃勃目标的核心。在欧洲联盟(欧盟)内，建筑物目前承担了大约40%的能源消耗和36%的二氧化碳排放。到目前为止，在规划和建设阶段对减少建筑物的温室气体排放和提高建筑物的可持续性给予了相当大的关注，而现有的、能效较低的建筑物存量得到的关注要少得多。此外，缺乏对入住后研究和绿色建筑对使用者的影响的关注。拟议的研究通过设计、建造、翻新和思考绿色建筑与在绿色建筑中生活和工作的日常做法之间的关系，将重点放在建筑用户身上，这就是我们所说的“生活可持续发展”。它调查了在绿色建筑中生活和工作的日常社会实践的变化，这些变化是由关于绿色建筑的话语之间的相互依存关系所塑造的，包括期望、框架和理解以及绿色建筑本身。这一观点强调了绿色建筑的潜在变革力量及其通过行为改变、社会价值观和实践的具体重要性。现有的建筑和建筑传统、材料和风格影响着人们对家庭和工作生活的看法和生活方式，也影响着社会习俗。除了建筑本身，这些态度、做法和身份与生活的其他方面交织在一起，并影响着生活的其他方面，包括健康、流动性、就业和教育。由于不同空间的背景不同，该项目预计将对入驻后的做法进行多地点的比较研究设计，其中包括地理和社会差异。它涉及对两个相邻但截然不同的研究地区的绿色住宅和办公建筑进行深入的定性研究：德国的莱茵兰-巴拉蒂纳和卢森堡大公国。数据将主要通过讲习班、(步行)访谈、焦点小组和对绿色建筑行为者和用户的调查以及用户的反思日记和照片日记来收集。拟议研究产生的见解将为政策和实践提供信息，这些政策和实践涉及如何促进绿色建筑，以及在不同空间尺度上对这种政策可能产生的阻力。它将有助于更好地理解绿色建筑转型的空间多样化的社会政治背景和进程，强调用户的作用。

In 2019 governments across Europe set the goal to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Through its high share of energy use and carbon emissions as well as great potential to reduce emissions, the building sector is seen as central to achieving these ambitious goals. Within the European Union (EU), buildings are currently responsible for approximately 40% of energy consumption and 36% of carbon dioxide emissions. Considerable attention to date has been paid to reducing greenhouse gas emissions of buildings and increasing building sustainability in the planning and construction phase whereas the existing, less energy efficient building stock has received much less attention. Further, there is a lack of focus on post-occupancy studies and the impact of green buildings on users. The proposed research addresses this gap focusing on building users through the relationship between designing, building, retrofitting and thinking about green buildings and daily practices of living and working in green buildings what we refer to as ‘lived sustainabilities’. It investigates changes to daily social practices of living and working in green buildings that are shaped by interdependences between discourses on green building including expectations, framings and understandings as well as the green buildings themselves. This perspective emphasizes the potential transformative power of green buildings and their specific materialities through behavioural changes, social values and practices. Existing buildings and building traditions, materials and styles affect perceptions and lifestyles as much as societal conventions of home and work life. Beyond the building itself these attitudes, practices and identities intersect with and influence other aspects of life including health, mobility, employment and education. As contexts vary across space, the project foresees a multi-sited comparative research design of post-occupancy practices that includes geographical and social variations. It involves an in-depth qualitative study of green residential and office buildings in two neighboring but distinct study regions: Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Data will be primarily collected through workshops, (walking) interviews, focus groups and surveys with green building actors and users as well as reflective journals and photo diaries of users. The insights generated from the proposed research will inform policy and practice in relation to how green building can be promoted and the possible resistance to such policies at different spatial scales. It will contribute to a better understanding of the spatially variegated sociopolitical contexts and processes of green building transitions emphasizing the role of users.