Nano-3D-printer - Upgrade

2014年在慕尼黑大学实施的纳米3D打印机目前正在用于光学技术、生物制造和微流体领域的多个研究项目。作为第一代纳米3D打印机（双光子聚合），它具有约0.1 μm的高空间分辨率，也是一种非常好的印刷技术。而且书写速度非常慢。一般来说，纳米打印需要几个小时。对于复杂的对象，几天并不罕见。在生物制造领域，这不仅限制了打印产品的数量，从而限制了可能的实验数量，而且从一开始就排除了从生物材料（例如细胞外基质（ECM）的蛋白质）生产复杂的3D结构，因为所使用的生物树脂不允许打印几天的时间。例如，在光学技术领域，已经证明，一个50 μm的涡旋也可以产生一个很大的Schreibgeschwindigkeit。在米直径满足光学要求。为了将涡旋用作光学元件，它必须具有500 μm的直径，这也是一种特殊的Schreibgeschwindigkeit。In m.它的印刷时间将远远超过一个星期的每个组件。在这个印刷时间，有一个风险，光致抗蚀剂将退化，这一方面对印刷质量产生负面影响，但也会损坏所使用的镜头。将纳米3D打印机升级为振镜扫描头可以将这一过程加快两到三个数量级。这将打印时间减少到几分钟。这不仅增加了可进行的实验的数量，而且减少了打印所需的时间。同时，可以在相同的表面质量下生产数百微米范围内的更大物体，这开辟了新的光学应用。此外，生物制品所需的蛋白质复杂三维支架结构，已在Martinsried生物化学MPI的可行性研究中得到证实。然而，详细的调查是不可能的，因为那里的纳米3D打印机对非MPI成员是严格限制的。

The nano-3D printer implemented at Munich University of AppliedSciences in 2014 is currently being used in several research projectsin the field of optical technologies, biofabrication and microfluidics. Asthe first generation of nano-3D printers (2-photon polymerization), ithas a high spatial resolution of about 0.1 μm aber auch eine sehr geringe Schreibgeschwindigkeit. In m but also a very lowwriting speed. As a rule, nano prints take many hours. Forcomplicated objects, several days are not uncommon. In the field ofbiofabrication, this not only limits the number of printed products andthus the number of possible experiments, but also precludes theproduction of complex 3D structures from biological materials such asproteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM) from the outset, as the thebio-resins used do not allow printing times of several days. In the fieldof optical technologies, for example, it has been shown that a vortexwith a 50 μm aber auch eine sehr geringe Schreibgeschwindigkeit. In m diameter fulfills the optical requirements. In order to usethe vortex as an optical element, it would have to have a diameter of500 μm aber auch eine sehr geringe Schreibgeschwindigkeit. In m. Its printing time would be well over a week per component.With this printing time, there is a risk that the photoresists willdegenerate, which on the one hand has a negative impact on the printquality, but also damages the lenses used. Upgrading the nano-3Dprinter with a galvo scan head speeds up the processes by by two tothree orders of magnitude. This reduces the printing time to a fewminutes. This not only increases the number of possible experimentsthat can be carried out, but also reduces the time required for printing.At the same time, larger objects in the range of several hundredmicrometers can be produced with the same surface quality, whichopens new optical applications, for example. In addition, therequested complex 3D scaffold structures from proteins forbiofabrication.This was demonstrated in a feasibility study at the MPIfor Biochemistry in Martinsried. However, detailed investigations arenot possible there because access to the nano-3D printer there isseverely restricted for non-MPI members.