Longitudinal Study of Ukrainian Refugees in Germany (SUARE): Data infrastructure, Health and Discrimination

自俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争开始以来，居住在德国的难民的数量和结构与2015/2016年的难民移民相比发生了重大变化：从2022年2月底到7月底，中央外国人登记册记录了大约91万名来自乌克兰的新移民。这意味着来自乌克兰的难民是目前在德国寻求保护的最大群体。来自乌克兰的难民移民与上一次难民移民(2015/2016)的不同之处在于三个制度框架条件：(1)由于免签证制度和大规模涌入指令的激活，欧盟开放边境；(2)由于移民后有安全的居留地位，欧盟和德国难民的法律和计划安全；(3)乌克兰征兵年龄男子的全面动员和出境禁令。此外，来自乌克兰的难民移民的特点是，承担照料责任的妇女比例很高，难民受教育程度高，对战争结果和返回选择的不确定性很高，大多数社会对乌克兰难民的看法可能更积极。作为一揽子建议提交的研究项目旨在调查这些具体框架条件是否对难民移徙的选择性、劳动力市场一体化、身心健康以及对来自乌克兰的难民的歧视产生影响。该项目有两个目标：(1)建立关于在德国的乌克兰难民的社会经济状况及其未来三年发展的纵向数据基础设施(乌克兰难民纵向研究(SuARE))，并将其纳入IAB-BAMF-SOEP研究和主要SOEP调查(SOEP-CORE)(2023-2025年浪潮)。(2)根据这些数据，将通过与(A)来自其他文化、政治和社会经济背景的德国难民、具有移民背景的人口以及(C)原住人口的比较，确定从乌克兰向德国的难民移民的具体体制、经济和社会条件对健康和歧视等重大研究课题的意义。

Since the beginning of Russia's war on Ukraine, the volume and structure of refugees living in Germany has changed significantly compared to the refugee migration of 2015/2016: Between the end of February and the end of July 2022, approximately 910,000 new arrivals from Ukraine were recorded by the Central Register of Foreigners. This means that refugees from Ukraine are currently the largest group of people seeking protection in Germany. The refugee migration from Ukraine differs from the last episode of refugee migration (2015/2016) by three institutional framework conditions: (1) open borders of the EU due to the visa-free regime and the activation of the Mass Influx Directive, (2) legal and planning security for the refugees in the EU and Germany due to a secured residence status after immigration, (3) general mobilization and the exit ban for men of conscription age in Ukraine. In addition, refugee migration from Ukraine is characterized by a high proportion of women with caregiving responsibilities, a high level of education among refugees, a high level of uncertainty about the outcome of the war and return options, and a potentially more positive perception of Ukraine refugees by the majority society. The research projects submitted as a package proposal aim to investigate whether these specific framework conditions have an impact on the selectivity of refugee migration, labor market integration, physical and mental health, and discrimination of refugees from Ukraine. This project has two goals: (1) Establishment of a longitudinal data infrastructure on the socio-economic situation of Ukrainian refugees in Germany and its development over the next three years (Longitudinal Study of Ukrainian Refugees (SUARE)) as well as its integration into the IAB-BAMF-SOEP study and the main SOEP survey (SOEP-CORE) (waves 2023-2025). (2) Based on these data, the significance of the specific institutional, economic and social conditions of refugee migration from Ukraine to Germany for the substantial research topics of health and discrimination will be identified via a comparison with (a) refugees in Germany from other cultural, political and socio-economic contexts, (b) the population with a migrant background as well as the (c) autochthonous population.