Private Literacy Tutoring: A sociology of shadow education

该项目旨在调查私人学术辅导在澳大利亚的程度和影响。私人学术辅导或“影子教育”的市场正在增长。在全球范围内，研究指出了积极和消极的社会、经济和教育影响。在澳大利亚，联邦政府曾短暂地为未达到识字基准的学生提供私人辅导券（2004-08年），但在2013年，对家庭辅导投资的公平担忧促使参议院对国家评估计划-识字和算术（NAPLAN）进行调查。该项目计划研究澳大利亚各地的私人辅导。它旨在调查家庭在影子教育方面的投资以及这对澳大利亚扫盲教育政策的影响。这在其他国家也可能是相关的，在这些国家，影子教育也在迅速扩大，以应对日益激烈的教育竞争和考试议程。

This project intends to investigate the extent and impact of private academic tutoring in Australia. Markets in private academic tutoring or ‘shadow education’ are growing. Globally, studies point to both positive and negative social, economic and educational impacts. In Australia, the federal government briefly funded private tutoring vouchers for students who did not meet literacy benchmarks (2004–08), but in 2013 equity concerns about families’ tutoring investments helped prompt a senate inquiry into the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN). This project plans to study private tutoring across Australia. It aims to investigate families’ investments in shadow education and the implications of this for Australian literacy education policy. This may also be relevant in other countries where shadow education is also rapidly expanding in response to growing educational competition and testing agendas.