The resistance protein Rz2 from Beta vulgaris recognises the avirulence protein triple gene block I of beet necrotic yellow vein virus - characterisation of the interaction and assessment of resistance stability

DFG研究项目旨在更精确地阐明TGB 1和Rz 2之间相互作用的性质，以便为更好地理解迄今为止尚未研究的植物物种中具有非常广泛的认识的抗病毒抗性机制做出重要贡献。由于Rz 2在实验宿主N. benthamiana，可以排除种特异性因子来自B.普通人是识别的必要条件。该研究的目的是，一方面，Rz 2的各个域的功能表征和可能的分子内相互作用的阐明。为了更好地理解相互作用，亚细胞水平上的定位特征也是必要的。这包括，除其他事项外，检测相互作用所必需的两种蛋白质的亚细胞共定位。这项工作旨在更深入地了解Rz 2的功能。从TGB 1的识别到Rz 2触发ER/HR的抗性机制的复杂信号级联由许多蛋白质相互作用组成;然而，到目前为止，很少有关于整个相互作用网络的模型病原体系统的研究。新的邻近标记的细胞间蛋白质相互作用的合作伙伴将被应用到Rz 2识别和随后验证的识别和信号转导的关键相互作用的合作伙伴。由于Rz 2抗性品种的种植增加，对土传BNYVV群体施加了强大的选择压力，这促进了抗性破坏变异体的出现。由于Rz 2对甜菜栽培的重要性，抗性的持久性是绝对必要的。因此，另一个项目目标是评价Rz 2抗性稳定性。为此目的，将在人工和自然选择压力下采用不同的实验方法来鉴定BNYVV群体中的抗性破坏TGB 1变体。这些结果将提高我们对病毒进化适应植物抗性因子的整体理解。

The DFG research project intends to characterise more precisely the nature of the interaction between TGB1 and Rz2 in order to make an important contribution to a better understanding of antiviral resistance mechanisms in a hitherto unstudied plant species with extremely broad recognition. Since Rz2 is also functional in the experimental host N. benthamiana, it can be excluded that species-specific factors from B. vulgaris are necessary for recognition. The object of the study is, on the one hand, the functional characterisation of the individual domains of Rz2 and the elucidation of possible intramolecular interactions. For a better understanding of the interaction, the characterisation of the localisation on the subcellular level is also necessary. This includes, among other things, the detection of a subcellular co-localisation of both proteins that is necessary for the interaction. This work is intended to provide a deeper understanding of how Rz2 functions. The complex signalling cascade of the resistance mechanism from the recognition of TGB1 to the triggering of an ER/HR by Rz2 consists of many protein interactions; however, there have been few studies with the model pathogen systems on the entire interaction network so far. Novel proximity labelling of intercellular protein interaction partners will be applied to Rz2 to identify and subsequently validate key interaction partners of recognition and signal transduction. Due to the increasing cultivation of Rz2 resistant varieties, a strong selection pressure is exerted on the soil-borne BNYVV populations, which promotes the emergence of resistance-breaking variants. Due to the great importance of Rz2 for sugar beet cultivation, the durability of resistance is absolutely essential. Therefore, another project goal is to evaluate Rz2 resistance stability. For this purpose, different experimental approaches under artificial and natural selection pressure will be applied to identify resistance breaking TGB1 variants in BNYVV populations. These results will improve our overall understanding of viral evolution for adaptation to plant resistance factors.