Virtual Texts: The Making of ‚Text‘ as Object of Knowledge in Literary Studies (B04#)

研究项目B04虚拟文本：作为文学研究中的知识对象的文本的形成，考察了作为文学史和语言学的中心对象的虚拟在文本构成中的作用。它基于这样的假设，即语篇不是简单地按照给定的方式存在，而是语篇归属于语篇，语篇是由不同的转录过程产生的。该项目遵循这样的工作假设，即这些文本构建过程和文本概念化过程涉及虚拟：它们通常预先假定潜在的、无形的、未实现的、但在理论上假设的文本或文本状态作为参考价值，并赋予它们对接受和解释的非常强大的影响。为了同样地考察历史和当代的文本建构形式，我们从两个方面来理解虚拟：一方面，它被视为文本建构过程中的一种有效能力--一种既不存在又存在的文本实体。另一方面(2)它(在技术意义上)被理解为通过数字构成的文本(图像)对象向其人类接受者和用户提供的一种特定的感知和交互选项。因此，数字文本构成和非数字文本构成在(1)方面具有可比性，而它们在(2)方面有所不同。遵循SFB 1567虚拟生活世界的研究计划，本项目研究了在文本构成的非数字过程中与文本的虚拟相关的不同的提供、感知条件和可操作性，以及与数字构成的虚拟文本-图像对象相关的不同的提供、感知条件和可操作性。然而，它的目的并不是对这一问题进行元理论的反思，而是利用现有的理论和方法考虑，结合具体的例子来讨论这些问题，并在新的数字版本的背景下对它们进行有益的检验。因此，过去和最近对文本和文本建模的方法可以并列在一起。Koenemann的von Jerxheim Sunte Marien Wortegarde(1240-1316)和匿名的de Mynnen Rede(14世纪)提供了一个似乎特别适合探讨这个问题的材料：他们的地位、实质性和传播史，他们的写作实践和他们上演文本的方式在许多方面不同于通常与文学研究相关的连贯和衔接期望。它们干扰了古典的文本概念和分类，甚至模糊了通常定义文本的边界。因此，材料提供了一组复杂的问题，针对这些问题，可以突出文本构成的手段和效果。

The research project B04 Virtual Texts: The Making of ‚Text‘ as Object of Knowledge in Literary Studies investigates the role of the virtual in the constitution of texts as the central objects of literary history and phi- lology. It is based on the assumption that texts do not simply exist as given, but that textuality is attributed to them and that they are produced by different transcriptive procedures. The project follows the working hypothesis that these processes of text-constitution and the conceptualizations of text by which they are determined involve virtuality: They often presuppose potential, intangible, non-actualized but theoretically hypostasized texts or textual states as reference values and they bestow them with a very strong influence on reception and interpretation. In order to examine historical and contemporary forms of textual constitu- tion alike virtuality is understood in two ways: On the one hand (1) it is perceived as an effective capacity in processes of text constitution – a textual entity that ist absent and present at the same time. On the other hand (2) it is understood (in a technical sense) as a specific option of perception and interaction that is offe- red by digitally constituted text(-image)-objects to their human recipients and users. Digital and non-digital text constitution thus becomes comparable regarding (1), while they differ with respect to (2). Following the research program of the SFB 1567 Virtual Lifeworlds, the project investigates into the dif- ferent affordances, the perceptual conditions, and the operationality that are associated with the virtuali- zation of text in non-digital processes of text constitution and with digitally constituted virtual text-image objects. Yet, it does not aim at a meta-theoretical reflection of this question but takes up existing theoretical and methodological considerations to discuss them with regard to a specific example and to test them em- pirically in the context of a new digital edition. Thus, past and recent ways of modeling text and textuality can be juxtaposed. Koenemann’s von Jerxheim Sunte Marien Wortegarde (1240–1316) and the anonymous De Mynnen Rede (14th century) offer a material that seems to be particularly well suited to pursue this question: Their ge- stalt, materiality, and transmission history, their writing practices and their ways of staging textuality differ in many respects from the coherence- and cohesion-expectations usually associated with literary studies. They interfere with ‚classical‘ textual concepts and taxonomies, and they even blur the boundaries that usually define a text. Thus, the material offers a complex set of problems against which means and effects of textual constitution can be highlighted.