Studies on Evaiuation and Practical Application of Self-Purification.

本研究对自净作用的意义进行了新的评价，并对其在河流、湖泊、河口和土壤中的实际应用进行了探讨。自我净化的评价：定义了两种类型的自我净化。第一类是指减少目标水体中的污染物，第二类是指减少目标水体中的污染物。类型1可适用于所有类型的污染物，但类型2仅适用于可分解的污染物，如有机物。类型2的自净能力与污染物浓度呈正相关关系。污染物径流与河流自净：提出了一个数学模型，用干旱时污染物的淤积和雨天时污染物径流的组合来解释污染物径流的日变化。并提出了解释河流BOD减少的另一种模型。河口自净作用：在两个河口测量了污染物的物质平衡。并对浮游植物和悬浮物的作用进行了评价。土壤中的自净作用：对土壤的吸附、过滤、化学反应、生物反应等自净能力进行了定量评价。

In this study,The singificance of self-purification was newly evaluated and practical application of it was inveatigated in rivers.lakes, aestuarys and soil.The following results were obtained from this study.1. Evaluation of self-Purification:Two types of self-Purification were difined. Type 1 means the reduction of pollutants from the objective water body and type 2 means the reduction of pollutants in the objective water body. Type 1 can be applied to all kinds of pollutant,but type 2 is applied to only decomposible pollutants such as organic matters. The relationships between self-purification ablity of type 2 and concentration of pollutants was shown as possitive correiation.2. Runoff of pollutants and self-Purification in rivers: A mathematical model was proposed, which expiained daily variation of pollutant runoff by means of combination of deposit of pollutants in dry weather and runoff of it in rainy weather. And the other model which explained BOD reduction in a river was proposed too.3. Self-purification in estuarys:Material balance of pollutants was measured in two estuarys. And roles of phyteplankton and suspended matters were evaluated.4. Self-purification in soil: Self-purification capacities such as adsorption,filtration,chemical reaction, biological reaction were evaluated quantitatively in several.case studies.