Structural study of muscle contraction and photochemical cycle of purple membrane by using synchrotron radiation

1. Muscle Contraction的分子机理（1）用synchrotron辐射在Muscle Contraction上完成的时间解决的差异研究。特别是，差异模式的变化被研究在详细信息中，以获得不同的吸引肌肉在拉伸、释放和同义长度变化。（Matsubara， Sugi， Tanaka， K. Wakabayashi， Amemiya， Mitsui）发现的数据似乎很有帮助，以讨论肌肉收缩期间myosin头部的运动。（2） Structure of skeletal muscle of rabbit was quite different at 5 C from that at 25 C。（T.）（3）单头肌红蛋白可以产生张力。（4）在麝香胶卷中，弹性成分主要存在于肌红头中。（Tawada）（5）研究了通过使用rutin与ATP酶活性的连接。（Ebashi）（6）Muscle Contraction中的化学工艺是由时间解决的热测量研究的。（Kodama）（7）一个自我诱导的肌红运动翻译模型被提议解释最近的实验数据。（Mitsui）2。Halobium的紫色膜的光化学循环（1）衍射研究是用重原子替代方法制造的细菌霍多普辛的。（Tokunaga）（2） Location of retinal and mechanism of <H^+> pumping were discussed upon spectroscopic and diffraction data。（Ikegami）（3）研究了光化学周期中细菌霍多普sin的中间状态。（来自北卡罗来纳州的Hamanaka）仪表（1）两尺寸PSPC改进了以获得良好的时间分辨率。（Tanaka， Hashizume）（2）最近发明的成像板被发现对Muscle研究非常有用。（Amemiya， K.）Wakabayashi）（3）低温度细胞是由紫色薄膜的光化学循环制成的。（Kataoka）

1. Molecular mechanism of muscle contraction(1) Time-resolved diffraction studies were done on muscle contraction by using synchrotron radiation. Especially, changes of diffraction patterns were studied in detail for isometrically contracting muscle during stretch, release and sinusoidal length changes. (Matsubara, Sugi, Tanaka, K. Wakabayashi, Amemiya, Mitsui) Obtained data seem to be very helpful to discuss the motion of myosin heads during muscle contraction.(2) Structure of skeletal muscle of rabbit was quite different at 5゜C from that at 25゜C. (T. Wakabayashi)(3) Single-headed myosin can produce tension. (Yanagida)(4) In muscle filaments, the elastic component exists mainly in myosin head. (Tawada)(5) Superprecipitation was studied in connection with ATPase activity by using rutin. (Ebashi)(6) Chemical processes in muscle contraction were studied by time-resolved thermal measurements. (Kodama)(7) A self-induced translation model for myosin motion was proposed to explain recent experimental data. (Mitsui)2. Photochemical cycle of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium(1) Diffraction studies were made on bacteriorhodopsin by a heavy-atom replacement method. (Tokunaga)(2) Location of retinal and mechanism of <H^+> pumping were discussed upon spectroscopic and diffraction data. (Ikegami)(3) The intermediate state of bacteriorhodopsin in the photochemical cycle was studied. (Hamanaka, Kito)3. Instrumentation(1) Two-dimensional PSPC was improved to get good time resolution. (Tanaka, Hashizume)(2) Recently invented imaging plate was found to be very useful for muscle studies. (Amemiya, K. Wakabayashi)(3) Low temperaure cell was made to study photochemical cycle of the purple membrane. (Kataoka)