Galen's Commentary on the Hippocratic Aphorisms

这个项目致力于盖伦对希波克拉底格言的评论。这是盖伦最重要的评论之一，它对后来对《格言》的解读产生了巨大的影响，《格言》是希波克拉底最著名的著作之一，在后来非常流行，尤其是在伊斯兰医学中。该项目的主要目标是(1)在广泛检查手稿传统的基础上，提供有史以来第一个批判版本，翻译和解释这部浩繁作品的希腊语和阿拉伯语版本，以及(2)在更广泛的比较视角下，详细研究盖伦作为评论员在这部作品和他的其他评论中的方法和实践。它不仅考虑了盖伦在古代评注文学的历史背景中的地位，而且还考虑了它对过去、现在和未来的考据学中评注写作的全球实践的反思。这个项目的新奇之处在于(a)事实上，这部作品没有任何现代语言的批评版本，也没有任何翻译或评论。(b)在方法上，希腊文文本的编写将与对阿拉伯语翻译的研究进行定期对话，后者将作为文本本身的证据在平等的基础上系统地加以考虑（而不是在临时的基础上从属于希腊文文本）。阿拉伯文版本本身也将经过严格的编辑，并以硬拷贝和数字和电子可搜索格式与希腊文一起概括性地呈现。因此，该项目与希腊-阿拉伯研究的最新发展以及古典主义者和东方主义者之间合作需求的日益增长的认识联系在一起。(c)该项目将在研究盖伦作为评论员的做法方面开辟新的领域，不是从他的希波克拉底主义的观点来看待盖伦的评论，而是把重点放在他使用评论体裁的正式、文学、论证和战略方面；在这样做的过程中，它将采取比较的观点，涉及在古代学术的其他领域，如哲学、神学、文学和法律评论中类似使用注释格式。由于盖伦的评论构成了古代世界单个作者最大和最早的评论文学体之一，因此该项目也将对希腊罗马时代和更广泛的“评论诗学”做出重大贡献。(d)该项目将利用和促进最新的技术和经验，制作古典文本的数字多语种版本，并在大型数字文本语料库中对体裁特征进行“智能”注释。

This project is devoted to Galen’s commentary on the Hippocratic Aphorisms. This is one of Galen's most important commentaries, and it exercised enormous influence on later readings of the Aphorisms, which are one of the best known of all the writings attributed to Hippocrates and which were very popular in later times, especially also in Islamic medicine. The project’s principal aims are (1) to provide the first ever critical edition, translation and interpretation of the Greek and the Arabic versions of books I-IV of this voluminous work, based on extensive examination of the manuscript tradition, and (2) to provide detailed study of Galen’s methods and practices as a commentator both in this work and in his other commentaries within a wider comparative perspective, which not only considers Galen’s place in the historical context of ancient commentary literature but also its implications for reflection on global practices of commentary writing in textual scholarship past, present and future. The novelty of the project lies (a) in the fact that for this work, no critical edition and no translation or commentary in any modern language exist. (b) Methodologically, the constitution of the Greek text will take place in regular dialogue with research on the Arabic translation, which will be taken into account systematically and as a textual witness in its own right and on an equal footing (rather than on an ad hoc basis subservient to the Greek). The Arabic version itself will be critically edited as well and presented synoptically alongside the Greek, both in hard copy and in a digital and electronically searchable format. Thus, the project ties in with the most recent developments in Graeco-Arabic studies and with the growing realization of the need for teamwork between classicists and orientalists. (c) The project will break new ground in the study of Galen’s practices as a commentator in approaching Galen’s commentaries not so much from the viewpoint of his Hippocratism, but with a focus on the formal, literary, argumentative and strategic aspects of his use of the commentary genre; in doing so, it will adopt a comparative perspective involving similar uses of the commentary format in other areas of ancient scholarship, such as philosophical, theological, literary and legal commentary. Since Galen’s commentaries constitute one of the largest and earliest surviving bodies of commentary literature by a single author in the ancient world, the project will thus also contribute significantly to a 'poetics of commentary' both in Graeco-Roman times and more generally. (d) The project will make use of, and contribute to, the most recent technology and experience in the production of digital multilingual editions of classical texts and in 'smart' annotation of genre features in sizeable digital text corpora.