Social Structure of Village Community in Okinawa

1. 冲绳乡村社区社会结构的研究一般以蒙古族亲属组织为重点。蒙祖最初形成于江户末年的冲绳本土南部，明治时代以后形成于冲绳北部及周边偏远岛屿，具有有限的祭祖功能。60年代的人类学研究对蒙丘语的形成过程进行了追溯。蒙楚是由雅氏家族组成的。从仪式谱系和等级秩序的角度来看，雅与日本大陆的ie几乎具有相同的特征。但雅也是村社组织的政法成员，具有平等地位。它使新雅易于建立，使蒙楚分支迅速扩展。这方面的村落社会结构使门楚不同于日本大陆的多祖族亲属组织。冲绳目前的职业结构与被占领年代的第三部门产业劳动者比例异常高有连续性。在乡村聚会上，非农业从业人员比农业从业人员多。他们的劳动条件通常不稳定，但在那里找工作并不难。尽管冲绳的就业形势不稳定，但还是有一定数量的日本本土人士转投了冲绳。

1. The research of social structure of village community in Okinawa has generally been done with special reference to Monchuu kinship organization. Monchuu, which has a limited function of ancestral worship, was initially formed in the End of edo era in the southern part of mainland Okinawa island and after Meiji era in the northern part of it and the remote islands around. The anthropological studies in the 60s contributed to tracing the formation proccess of Monchuu.2. Monchuu is composed of ya family as its member. Ya has almost the same character as ie on the mainland Japan from the viewpoint of the ceremonial lineage with the hierarchical order. But ya is also the politico-jural member of the communal village organization with the egual status. It makes new ya establish easily and extends the branche of Monchuu quickly. This aspect of village social structure makes Monchuu different from Dozoku kinship organization on the mainland Japan.3. The present occupational structure in Okinawa has a continuity from that of the occupied years in the unusually big rate of the third sector industry laborers. On village revels there have appeared more non-agiricultural employees than agiriculturalists. Their conditions of labor are generally unstable, but it is not so difficult for them to find jobs there. There have been a certain number of U-turners from the mainland Japan in spite of the unstable employment in Okinawa.