EARLY UNIVERSE AND GALAXY FORMATION

在第一个财政年度(1986)，我们举办了一次题为“引力理论与早期宇宙”的研究研讨会，在研讨会上，我们与大约20位工作人员讨论了我们的宇宙学问题的现状和未来，并开始了我们对早期宇宙和星系形成的研究，并于1987年和1988年继续进行。全文共分五篇：1.研究了早期宇宙，特别是宇宙膨胀阶段量子涨落的出现及其经典化。2.数值推导了具有重子、光子和无碰撞暗物质的宇宙中规范不变形式下密度微扰的时间演化。推导了宇宙背景辐射的各向异性，并与观测值进行了比较。3.推导了线性规范不变形式下观测量之间的理论关系。4.用N体模拟的方法研究了非均匀宇宙中的非线性演化，模拟了宇宙的大尺度结构。5.以上述非均匀宇宙模型为背景，研究了光在非线性非均匀模型中的传播，证明了引力透镜效应在远源观测中的重要作用。今后，我们将在已有研究的基础上，进一步发展我们的研究。为此，我们将特别注意引力透镜效应。

In the first fiscal year (1986), we had a research seminar of the title "Gravitational Theory and the Early Universe" in which we discussed with about 20 workres about the present state and future of our cosmological problems, and started our studies on the early universe and galaxy formation which were continued in 1987 and 1988. They are divided to the following five articles:1. The appearance of quantum fluctuations and their classicalization in the early universe, especially in inflationary stages of the universe were studied. 2. Time evolution of density perturbations in a gauge-invariant formalism in a universe with baryons, photons and collisionless dark matter was numerically derived. The anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation was also derived and compared with the obsevational values. 3. Theoretical relations among observational quantities in a linear gauge-invariant formalism were derived. 4. Nonlinear evolution in an inhomogeneous universe was studied using a method of N body simulation and the large-scale structure of the universe could be simulated. 5. The propagation of light in a nonlinearly inhomogeneous model was studied using the above model of the inhomogeneous universe as a background, and it was shown that the gravitational lens effect was important in observations for remote sources.From now on we shall develop further our studies upon the basis which have so far been constructed. Especially we shall put attention to the gravitational lens effect for this purpose.