PHYSICS OF MAGNETOSPHERIC POLAR CAP BY ANALYSIS OF FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS.

通过分析各种人造卫星获得的地磁场数据，我获得了磁层物理学的新知识，其中包括：1。与北向行星际磁场相关的大尺度场向电流系统（NBZ电流系统），认为NBZ电流的流动是为了将向阳等离子体应力向下传递到极冠电离层，从而在极冠中心等离子体区域维持大尺度向阳等离子体对流。从行星际介质中获得这种向太阳的等离子体应力被认为发生在磁层高纬度边界层中，通常称为等离子体地幔。大规模的区域1和区域2场向电流系统：区域1电流系统被认为起源于磁层电压发生器，而区域2电流系统被认为起源于电压发生器和电流发生器的组合.大尺度磁层赤道电流：在地磁赤道面附近平行流动的电流，包括向西流动的方位电流和在傍晚流向地球、在早晨远离地球的径向电流。这些水平流在晚间区域表现出净正辐散（源），在早晨区域表现出净负辐散（汇）。这些发散电流的位置、流向和强度与2区场向电流系统几乎相同。向西向环流与2区环流系统联系密切.亚暴相关场向电流：亚暴过程中的三维电流系统不仅是磁层横尾电流转向的结果，径向电流的发展也是必不可少的。

I have obtained new knowledge on magnetospheric physics, by analyzing the geomagnetic field data that was acquired with various artificial satellites, which includes the following:1. Large-scale field-aligned current systems associated with northward interplanetary magnetic field (NBZ current system).The NBZ field-aligned currents are thought to flow so as to transfer the sunward plasma stress down to the polar cap ionosphere so that large-scale sunward plasma convection is maintained in the central polar-cap plasma domain. The acquisition of this sunward plasma stress from the interplanetary medium is thought to take place in the magnetospheric high-latitude boundary layer often called the plasma mantle.2. Large-scale Region 1 and Region 2 field-aligned current systems.The region 1 current system is thought to originated in the magnetospheric voltage generator, whereas the region 2 current system is ascribable to the combination of the voltage generator and current generator.3. Large-scale magnetospheric equatorial currents.The electric current flowing parallel to and near the geomagnetic equatorial plane is comprised of an azimuthal current flowing westward and a radial current flowing toward the earth in the evening sector and away from the earth in the morning sector. These horizontal currents exhibit a net positive divergence (source) in the evening sector and a net negative divergence (sink) in the morning sector. The location, flow direction and the intensities of these divergent currents are almost identical with those of the region 2 field-aligned current system. The westward ring current and the region 2 current system are closely connected.4. Substorm-associated field-aligned currents.The three-dimensional current system throughout the course of substorm is not solely ascribable to a diversion of magnetospheric cross-tail current but a development of radial current is essental.