Investigation of Celluar Movements by Magetometry and Microscopic Picture Processing

用磁测法和显微图像处理技术研究了金黄地鼠肺泡巨噬细胞的细胞内运动。亚铁磁性颗粒通过巨噬细胞吞噬作用进入噬菌体。当粒子被外场沿一个方向排列时，会在细胞周围产生微弱的剩余磁场(RMF)。由于含有颗粒的细胞器的错位，RMF随时间(松弛)而衰减。因此，颗粒取向的随机化是由细胞内细胞器和丝状结构的运动引起的。已经发展了通过这种磁性测量来研究细胞质的细胞内运动和物理性质的方法。到目前为止，这些结果得到了细胞内ATP浓度与负责RMF松弛的能量之间的关系。此外，还研究了温度的影响。结果表明，该方法是研究完好情况下细胞内活动的一种很好的探针。我们特别希望这种方法可以被用来研究ATP的水解物移动细丝的机制。研究了显微图像处理，以获得细胞内磁性颗粒的更清晰的图像，而不是通过直接观察或显微图像的摄影。我们的方法是将光学系统(显微镜)的特性与计算机图像处理结合起来。为此，对显微成像的三维特性进行了基础性研究，并实现了三维反褶积。虽然这项研究最初的目的是在一个相当狭窄的角度内，但我们已经获得的结果以及在不久的将来取得的结果比我们预期的更基本和普遍。因此，我们将继续这一部分的研究，或多或少独立于细胞的运动性研究。

Intracelluar motility of cells (hamster alveolar macrophages) have been studied by magnetometry and by microscopic image processing. Ferrimagnetic particles were introduced into the macro phages through phabocytosis. The particles, when aligned in one direction by an external field, produce a weak remanent field (RMF) around the cells. The RMF decays with time (relaxation) due to the misaligement of the organelles containing the particles. The randomization of the orientation of the partiles is thus caused by intracelluar movements of organelles and filamentous structures within the cell. Methods have been developed to investigate the intracelluar motility and physical properties of the cytoplasm by this magnetic measurements. The results so far obtained yield the relationship between the intracellualr concentration of ATP and the energy responsible for the relaxation of RMF. The effects of temperature was also studied. The results suggest that the method can be a good probe for studying intracelluar activities of cells in intact situations. We especially hope that this method may be utilized to investigate the mechanisms in which the hydrolysis of ATP moves the filaments. Microscopic image processing was studied to obtain clearer images of magnetic particles within the cells than avaliable by direct obaservaytion or photography of microscopic images. Our approach is to interage the chatacteristics of the optical system (microscope) with computer processing of the images. For the puepose, basic research of the three-dimensional properties of microscopic imaging was done ad well as implenetation of three-dimensional deconbolution. Althught the orginal purpose of this study was within a rather narrow angle, the results we have obtained anf well obtain in the neasr future are more basic and general than we had anticipated. Therefore, we will continue this part of the research more of less independently of the motility sutdies of the cell.