Studies on the Expert System for Evaluating Nautical Environments.

总结了航海家对航况的认识和推理方法。在此基础上，提出了两种用于航海环境评估的专家系统。首先，建立了相关航行环境等因素的层次结构。采用层次分析法对其进行加权，评估航行风险。本文还研究了海上交通调查系统和船舶操纵模拟器作为发现导航员行为和知识的手段。本文重点研究了一种支持夜间拥挤水域航行的专家系统，该系统具有一定的实际应用价值。然后利用夜间船舶操纵模拟器，对航海家如何识别航标并在航路上定位自己的船舶进行了实验研究。在拥挤的水域，雷达还观察到该船避开障碍物的航迹。通过这些研究，总结了在拥挤水域中航海家的一些航海知识和推理方法。在此基础上生成了两种类型的专家系统。一个是为了避开路线上的障碍。另一种是为了避免船与船之间的碰撞。两种系统都考虑了判断的模糊性。并对其有效性进行了检验。

Authors summarized the knowledge and reasoning way of navigator about navigational conditions. Then two types of expert systems for evaluating nautical environments were produced as a trial.As the first step, a hierarchy structure of such factors as relating navigational environments was made. They were weighted by Analytic Hierarchy Process to assess the risk of navigation. Marine traffic survey system and a ship handling simulator were also investigated as means for finding the behavior and knowledge of navigators.An expert system supporting the navigation through congested waters at night was mainly studied because it will to be useful for practical use in future. Then experimental studies on how navigators recognize nautical marks and fix own ships position in a route were carried out by a nocturnal ship handling simulator. The ship's tracks avoiding obstacles on a route were also oberved at a congested water by a radar.Through these studies some of the nautical knowledge and reasoning way of navigator at congested waters were summarized. The two types of the expert systems were produced based on these results. One is for avoiding obstacles on the route. The other is for evasive the collision between ships. Fuzziness at the judgments were taken into acconut for the both system. The validities of them were also examined.