A Study on Development of Settlement Focused on the Double-Bases-Life In City and Mountain-Village

通过对爱美县柳达尼村西达尼地区的调查，发现了新的生活型。在这些生活型中，一个家庭在山村和城市两个地方都有房子。这是由多种原因造成的。第一个是经济原因，居民住在山村里赚不到足够的收入，所以他们需要在城市里另一个房子作为他们在更广泛地区经济活动的基地。第二个是教育原因，因为大多数年轻人开始上高中，因为他们不能从山村通勤到那里。三是文化和经济方面的原因，因为他们需要保留家乡村落的原有房屋，以保持他们的林业储备和延续他们的旧社区乐队。因此，两个基地的新生命形式被确立为聚落的发展。西谷深区的103户家庭中，有41%的家庭在松山市拥有一座城市的基本房屋，松山市是县首府。在这些生命形式中，老一辈人和年轻一代正在分享他们的角色来参与。通过对林区居民的问卷调查，观察到三种典型的生活型，即：1)哈姆雷特主基地占56%，2)哈姆雷特及更大面积占38%，3)城市主基地占6%。这一认识对包括林区在内的区域规划具有重要的指导意义。

By the research at Nishidani district in Yanadani-son in Ehime prefecture,the new types of life-forms are found.At these life-forms,a family keeps two houses in both areas, mountain village and city.This was caused by several reasons. The first is economical reason, the inhabitants could not earn enough income while they were staying in a mountain village.Therefore they need another house in a city as a base for their economical activities in a wider area.The second is educational because most of the youths became to go to high schools to which they can't commute from mountain villages. The third is cultural and economical reason because they need to keep the original houses in their homeland hamlets in order to maintain their forestry stocks and to continue their old community bands.Therefore the new life-forms with two bases are established as a development of settlement. 41% of the 103 families of the deep districts of Nishidani owns a city base-houses in Matsuyama city which is a prefectural capitol. At these life-forms the older generation and the younger generations are sharing their roles to participate. There are several types in these life-forms, how to move and shuttle between mountain and city, and who or which generation mainly stay which side.By the questionaire research to the inhabitants, the three typical life forms are observed, which are 1)Hamlet-main-base 56%, 2)Hamlet and wider area 38%, 3)City-main-base 6%.This knowledge gives a significant suggestion to regional planning in a area which includes forestry districts.