Acceleration of Micro-Explosion of Emulsified Fuel.

为研究乳化燃料的微爆炸，测量了分散在燃料中的过热水滴的闪点温度。燃料方面，使用煤油、柴油和十四烷。以水、甲醇和乙醇溶液为分散相。乳液用浓度为分散相10wt%的Span 80稳定。将试管中的少量乳状液样品在油浴中以2K/min的速度加热，直到发生爆炸汽化。采用两种方法制备乳状液：机械均质法，均质10min，观察到闪光温度分布较宽。因此，测量了30-50个样品以确定一种乳剂的闪光温度分布。乳状液的闪蒸温度随分散相比例的增加而降低。这种还原与制备方法无关，无论是机械的还是超声的。过热，即分散相的50%闪蒸温度和成球温度之差，与单位体积乳状液的表面积相关。然而，观察到该函数的系数取决于连续相和分散相的物质。这种依赖关系被表示为表面活性剂表面过剩的函数，这是通过测量界面张力来确定的。

The flashing temperature of superheated water droplets dispersed in fuels was measured to investigate the micro-explosion of emulsified fuels. For fuels, kerosene, diesel fuel and tetradecane were used. Water, aqueous methanol and ethanol solutions were used as the dispersed phase. The emulsions were stabilized by Span 80 whose concentration was 10 wt% of the dispersed phase. A small amount of the emulsion samples in a test tube were heated in an oil bath at a rate 2 K/min until explosive vaporization occurred. The emulsions were prepared by two methods: mechanically, using a homogenizer for 10 min atIt was observed that the flashing temperature had broad distribution. Thus, 30-50 samples were measured to determine the distribution of the flashing temperature for one emulsion. The flashing temperature of emulsions decreases with increasing fractions of the dispersed phase. Such a reduction is independent of the preparation method, mechanically or ultrasonically. The superheat, the difference of the 50% flashing temperature and the boliling temperature of the dispersed phase, was correlated as a function of the surface area per unit volume of emulsions. The coefficient of this function, however, were observed to depend on the substance of both the continuous and dispersed phase. This dependence was expressed as a function of the surface excess of surfactant which was determined by measuring the interfacial tension.