Religious View and National Identity in a Multi-Ethnic Society -the case of the Philippines-

本研究是研究项目的一部分，旨在从社会人类学和民族学的角度阐明菲律宾多民族社会的宗教观和民族认同。进行这项调查是为了讨论有关宗教方面、习惯法、价值制度、社会政治领导、妇女的作用和国家特性的共同问题。研究是在不同的宗教背景下进行的——1)中国社会的宗教对抗（Sasaki在马尼拉大都会），2)少数民族社会的宗教巩固和国有化过程（Muratake在邦托克，Peralta在北吕宋岛），3)妇女在菲律宾社会中的社会角色和参与，以及基本层面的民族认同教育。（作者：菊地恭子，马尼拉，宿务）；（作者：菊地康史，马尼拉）；(作者：少数民族社会生活结构的现代化（作者：民都洛岛和北吕宋岛）；（作者：宫本茂，马尼拉）；本研究是一项综合性研究，研究人员对阿明教、天主教、道教、伊斯兰教等不同宗教进行实地考察，围绕一个共同的主题进行研究。本研究所提供的资料和观点将有助于进一步研究菲律宾社会的宗教观和国家认同。这项研究的结果将由早稻田大学社会科学研究所菲律宾研究计划出版的菲律宾传统和文化适应研究报告IV中提出。

This study was conducted as a part of the research project which aims at clarifying the religious view and national identity in a multi-ethnic society of the Philippines from the standpoints of social anthropology and ethnology. The survey was conducted so as to discuss the common topics with regard to the religious aspects, customary law, value system, socio-political leadership, women's role and national identity.The research was conducted in various religious settings--1) religious confrontation in Chinese society (by Sasaki, at Metro-Manila), 2) the process of both religious consolidation and nationalization in minority societies (by Muratake at Bontok, and Peralta at Northern Luzon), 3) women's social roles and participation among Filipino societies and the education of national identity in elemental level. (by Kikuchi, Kyoko at Manila and Cebu), 4) nationalization and consciousness of nation are reflected with Catholic mission works, political behavior and kinship system (by Kikuchi, Yasushi in Manila), 5) modernization of life structure in minority society (by Watari at Mindoro and Peralta in Northern Luzon), 6) nationalization and Islamism (by Miyamoto at Manila).This study is characterized as a synthetic one which all researchers conducted the fieldwork in different religious settings which contain Aminism, Catholicism, Taoism, and Islamism, focusing on a common topic. The data and viewpoints presented in this study will contribute to the further research of the religious view and national identity of the Philippines society.The result of this study will be presented in Filipino Tradition and Acculturation --Research Report IV -- published by the Philippine Studies Program, Institute of Social Sciences, Waseda University.