Basic Research on the Development of Recombinant Vaccines for Animals by Genetic Engineering

本研究的目的是为兽医研制重组疫苗提供基础数据。重组疫苗由载体病毒和抗原基因两部分组成。在本研究中，我们使用了两种可用于重组疫苗载体的病毒。一种是用作马立克氏病病毒疫苗的火鸡疱疹病毒，另一种是鸡痘病毒。我们确定胸苷激酶基因作为载体病毒gnome与抗原基因发生基因重组的标记。将纽卡斯尔病毒的血凝素-神经氨酸酶基因克隆到鸡痘病毒的胸苷激酶位点上。流感病毒和纽卡斯尔病病毒的抗原基因在多个毒株中的突变情况，为抗原筛选提供了基础资料，如能大量获得抗原基因产物，可作为组分疫苗。本研究利用杆状病毒载体获得抗原产物。利用该载体可获得马立克氏病病毒的单纯疱疹病毒gB样蛋白、纽卡斯尔病病毒的血凝素-神经氨酸酶抗原和马立克氏病病毒的gA。这些蛋白具有生物学活性，可作为组分疫苗，为构建可用于兽医实践的重组疫苗奠定基础。

The aim of this research project is to get basic data to develop recombinant vaccines for veterinarians. Recombinant vaccines consisted of two components, vector virus and antigen genes. In this study, we used two viruses which can be used for vector of recombinant vaccines. One is herpesvirus of turkeys which is used as a vaccine of Marek's disease virus and the other is fowl pox virus. We decided thymidine kinase gene as a marker for genetic recombination between the vector virus gnome and antigen gene. And hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of Newcastle disease virus was cloned into thymidine kinase site of fowl pox virus. Mutations of the antigen genes of influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus were observed in many strains of these viruses as the basic data for selection of antigens.Antigenic gene products can be used as component vaccine, if one can get them with large quantity. In this research project, antigenic products were obtained using baculovirus vector. Using this vector we could get herpes simplex virus gB like protein of Marek's disease virus, hemagglutinin-neuraminidase antigen of Newcastle disease virus and gA of Marek's disease virus. These proteins were biologically active and may be used as component vaccines.In this research project, we could get many basic data to construct the recombinant vaccines which can be used for veterinary practice.