On-board Electrical System Laboratory

2019年，不同的运输方式（公路、航空、航运）造成了欧盟28.5%的温室气体排放。为了让未来的交通变得更加可持续，汽车的电气化将成为一种趋势，这将从根本上改变它们的电气系统，并需要由于储能集成而对系统进行调整。汽车电气系统实验室将推动未来以电力电子为主导的汽车电气系统的发展，并对新的建筑概念进行实验测试。研究将集中在低压范围内的飞机、船舶和卫星电气系统。作为一个电源-硬件在环系统，机载电源实验室将能够实时运行，真实地再现任务概况和乘客行为的时间历史，映射故障和故障，从而充分准确地模拟机载网络，以评估效率、可靠性和安全性。特殊的线性功率放大器可以用来模拟频率和时间可变的板载电源系统阻抗，从而研究在大量开关操作期间如何确保所需的电压质量。车辆电气系统实验室可用于研究飞机新的车辆电气系统架构，研究问题如下：1)如何在系统级实现消耗优化控制，在未来的飞机上使用直流电气系统？2)变电压电气系统如何在低空飞行阶段（如起飞和爬升）提供更高的功率，同时仍然满足电气元件的绝缘强度（依赖于气压（Paschen定律））？考虑到帕申定律的设计是航空业的一个特点。航运业占全球二氧化碳排放量的3%。为了实现到2030年减排40%的目标，新能源将被纳入船舶。例如，在未来，游轮将在舱外配备光伏电池，并在每个船段配备燃料电池和电池。这将导致新的结构，其中可能包括引入直流电网和使用双向变换器。船上电力系统实验室将考虑船舶运行阶段，乘客行为和对酒店负载的影响来回答研究问题：1)在考虑不同接地和保护概念的同时，如何使用许多通用部件（模块化电力系统）稳定运行船上的网状直流电网？2)如何控制船舶直流电网中消耗优化的能源和电源管理，哪些概念（例如，有或没有通信网络的集中控制，分散控制）对哪种船型是最佳的？

The different modes of transport (road, air, shipping) caused 28.5 % of the EU's greenhouse gas emissions in 2019. For mobility to become more sustainable in the future, there is a trend towards the electrification of vehicles, which will fundamentally change their electrical systems and require system adaptations due to energy storage integration. The vehicle electrical system laboratory will drive the development of future power electronics-dominated vehicle electrical systems and experimentally test new architectural concepts. Research will focus on aircraft, ship and satellite electrical systems in the low-voltage range. As a power-hardware-in-the-loop system, the on-board power supply laboratory will be capable of real-time operation, realistically reproducing time histories of mission profiles and passenger behavior, mapping malfunctions and faults, and thus emulating on-board networks sufficiently accurately to evaluate efficiency, reliability and safety. Special linear power amplifiers can be used to emulate the frequency- and time-variable on-board power system impedance and thus investigate how the required voltage quality is ensured during a large number of switching operations. The vehicle electrical system laboratory can be used to research new vehicle electrical system architectures for aircraft with the following research questions: 1) How can consumption-optimized control at the system level be implemented in future aircraft with DC electrical systems? 2) How can a variable voltage electrical system provide higher power in low altitude flight phases (such as takeoff and climb) and still meet the insulation strength, which is dependent on the air pressure (Paschen's law), of the electrical components? A design that takes into account Paschen's law is a special feature in aviation. Shipping is responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions. In order to achieve the targeted emission reductions of 40% by 2030, new energy sources are to be integrated into the ship. In the future, for example, cruise ships will be equipped with photovoltaics on outside cabins and fuel cells and batteries per ship section. This will result in new structures that may include the introduction of a DC grid and the use of bidirectional converters. The on-board power system laboratory will consider ship operation phases, passenger behavior, and impacts on hotel loads to answer the research questions: 1) How can a meshed DC grid in a ship be operated stably using many common parts (to modularize the power system) while considering different grounding and protection concepts? 2) How is a consumption-optimized energy and power management in a ship DC grid controlled and which concepts (e.g. centralized, decentralized control with or without communication network) are optimal for which ship types?