Reorganization of Rural Communities and Its Influence on the Urban Ethnicity in Iberial and Latin American Tradition

三年前，我们开始了我们的项目，寻求一种新的方法来解决城市族群的形成/转变问题。我们的视角不是在城市中心，而是在包括城市中心周围的农村社区在内的边缘社会。我们根据城市中心形成历史过程中的每个特点，选择了四个不同的地区进行比较研究：墨西哥的一个农村城市，印度社区影响很大，智利圣地亚哥，影响很小，巴西城市，黑人影响显著，西班牙的巴塞罗那，尽管它独特的城市化和经济潜力，但被马德里边缘化。从我们项目的第一年开始，在国外的调查进行得非常顺利，我们也可以极大地扩展与国外机构的学术关系，这些机构是我们从未接触过的：在墨西哥，与Antro…的调查中心和工作室SuperloresMore Pologia Social和Chapas自治大学，以及在巴西圣保罗促进黑人社区参与国家办公室、Campinas大学、Fulminense联邦大学等。Shimimzuu和Sakai于1989年和1991年在Chiapas的San Cristobal de las Casas进行了实地考察，调查了该市与印第安人社区之间的关系，特别是驱逐社区成员及其在该市建立的殖民地的问题。高桥方面，对“播客”的心理和社会运动进行了IIIS调查。-1990年和1991年的田野调查，铃木关于圣保罗黑人的历史和社会学疯狂以及他们的社会关系。关于尤卡坦玛雅社区身份转变的HATSUTANI和巴塞罗那的Ochiai实现了拉丁美洲当地城市和被边缘化的西班牙城市的比较研究。除了上述日本成员实现的调查外，我们在1991年11月进行了圆桌讨论，邀请了所有日本成员和来自墨西哥的Jan de Vos博士和来自巴塞罗那的Manuel Delgado Ruiz博士。在那次会议上提交和阅读的论文是这三年研究活动成果的一部分，以西班牙语和葡萄牙语出版。较少

We started our project three years ago, in search of a new approach to the problem of the formation/transformation of the urban ethnicity, and we set our point of view not in the urban center but in marginal societies including rural communities around the urban centers.We selected for our comparative studies four different regions according to each characteristics in historical process of formation of the urban center : a rural city in Mexico with much influence of Indian communities, Santiago de Chile with its little influence, Brazilian cities with marked influence of black people, and Barcelona of Spain, which has been marginalized by Madrid in spite of its unique urbanity and economic potentiality.From the first year of our project, investigations in abroad were carried out very smoothly and we could also extend greatly the academic relations with institutions abroad with which we had not beem in contact : in Mexico with the Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superlores en Antro … More pologia Social and the Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas, and in Brazil with National Office for Promotion of Participation of Negro Communities in Sao Paulo, Universidade de Campinas, Universidade Federal de Fulminense, etc.SHIMIZU and SAKAI realized fieldworks in San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas in 1989 and 1991 and investigated on tfie relationship between the City and the Indian Communities, especially on the problem of expulsion of community members and their colonies established in the City. TAKAHASHI for his part, carried out Iiis investigation on the mentality and social movement of "pobladores", ba. -, ed on fieldworks in 1990 and 1991, and SUZUKI on the historical and sociological insanings of black people in Sao Paulo and their social relations. HATSUTANI on the -transformation of identity in an Mayan community in Yucatan, and OCHIAI in Barcelona, realized a comparative study of Latin American local cities and the marginalized city of Spain.Apart from the investigations realized by Japanese members mentioned above, we had a round-table discussion in November 1991, with all Japanese members and Dr. Jan de Vos invited from Mexico and Dr. Manuel Delgado Ruiz from Barcelona. The papers presented and read in that meeting are a part of the results of the research activities in these three years and published in Spanish and Portuguese. Less