Spectrophotometric Studies on the Primary Processes of Photosynthesis

用多种分光光度技术研究了光合作用的主要过程，即能量传递、光化学和电子传递。所使用的材料包括从光合作用细菌、蓝藻、藻类和高等植物中分离出来的捕光色素蛋白和光化学活性物质。通过将Chla添加到耗尽Chl的PS I颗粒中，成功地重组了P-700，并首次发现了天线Chl稳定PS I复合体的结构作用(42)。在洗涤剂处理的PS I制剂(1，7)中，由于天线Chla的电致变色带移动，P-700的微分吸收系数是高度可变的。稳定的DL-D2-Cyt。制备了B-559络合物，建立了亚基蛋白质和结合色素的化学计量比(15)，研究了不同的合成苯二酚与PS I(叶醌部位)和PS II(*B部位)的结合部位，并测定了影响各部位结合亲和力的结构参数(24，25)。在灭活放氧制备(17，19)中发现了暗稳定的S2 EPR信号和来自光照时S2信号的新的EPR信号。光活化析氧效率提高到一定程度(21，22)，在光活化过程中，His~(2+)被证明是Mn的氧化剂(27)。首次测定了热释光的发射光谱(24，25)。从类胡萝卜素到细菌素的能量转移效率随着长度的增加和类胡萝卜素共轭双键链的扭曲构象而降低(54)。对不同光合作用生物的能量传递进行了深入的研究(-72)。

The Primary processes, i.e., energy transfer, photochemistry and electron transport of photosynthesis were investigated with a wide variety of spectrophotometric techniques. The materials used involved light-harvesting pigment-proteins and photochemically active preparations isolated from photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae and higher plants.P-700 was successfully reconstituted by adding chl a to chl-depleted PS I Particles and a structural role of antenna chl to stabilize PS I complexes was found for the first time (42). The differential absorption coefficient of P-700 was shown to be highly variable due to an electrochromic band shift of antenna chl a in detergent-treated PS I preparations (1,7). A stable Dl-D2-cyt. b-559 complex was prepared and the stoichiometry of subunit proteins and bound pigments were established (15).Binding of various synthetic quinones to quinone-binding sites of PS I (phylloquinone site) and PS II (*_B site) were investigated and structural parameters affecting the binding affinities of respective sites were determined (24, 25). A dark-stable S2 EPR signal and a new EPR signal derived from the S2 signal on illumination were found in inactivated oxygen evolving prepararions (17, 19). Efficiency of photoactivation of oxygen evolution was improved to a geat erxtent (21, 22) and His^+ was shown to serve as an oxidant of Mn during photoactivation (27). The emission spectrum of thermoluminescence was firstly determined (24, 25). Efficiency of energy transfer from carotenoids to bacteriochl was shown to decrease with increasing length and a distorted conformation of the conjugated double bond chains of carotenoids (54). Energy transfer in various photosynthetic organisms were intensively studied (64-72).