STUDIES ON GENETIC MANIPULATIONS OF FLOWER COLOR USING PLANT PROTOPLASTS.

为了利用生物技术发展作物的遗传操作，我们必须用模型系统进行研究。甜菜碱色素的生物发生不仅可用于花色的遗传分析，还可用于植物次生代谢物的生物技术方法。马齿苋是一种可以接受的理想植物，它允许1)遗传分析，2)体外培养和3)有趣的次生代谢物。本课题以马齿苋属植物的部分组织为材料，建立了原生质体分离体系。建立了组织培养过程中甜菜碱生物发生的微量分析方法。4个基因在甜菜碱生物合成过程中起作用。将这些基因分型与不同发育阶段的蛋白质组成进行比较。一些目标蛋白被明确，但进一步的分析和遗传方法仍有待改进。

In order to develop genetic manipulations in crops by means of biotechnology, we have to investigate with a model system. Biogenesis of betalain pigments is available not only for a genetical analysis of flower color but also for a biotechnological approach to secondary metabolites in plants. Portulaca is acceptable as an ideal plant which allows 1) genetical analysis, 2) in vitro culture and 3) interesting secondary metabolites. In this project, protoplast isolation was established with some parts of plant in the genus Portulaca. Micro analytical method was developed for testing betalain biogenesis during tissue culture. The actions of four genes were set up in the biosynthetic process of betalains. These genotypes were compared with protein constitutions during developmental stages. Some target proteins were specified, but further analysis and genetic approach for improvement were still remained