The new biological estimation for air pollution, indoor pollution and working environment

在本研究项目中，我们研究了新的生物指标，这些指标有助于评估空气污染、室内污染和工作环境对慢性阻塞性肺病和癌症的促进作用。主要污染物的生物学效应。e.研究了香烟烟雾、二氧化氮（NO_2）、苯并[a]芘（BaP）等对小鼠肺组织的影响。大鼠在实验室中暴露于香烟烟雾和NO_2的侧流中，每天8小时，连续5天。香烟烟雾使肺、肾、肝芳烃羟化酶活性升高，而NO_2对芳烃羟化酶活性无影响。虽然香烟烟雾和NO_2均不能诱导细胞色素P-450的总含量，但用Western免疫印迹分析证实香烟烟雾对细胞色素P-450 b、c、d同工酶有剂量依赖性的诱导作用。香烟烟雾和NO_2暴露的大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中蛋白质含量、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性也明显升高。BALF的变化是我们在本研究中检查的最敏感的指标。用HeLa细胞和C3 H/1 OT 1/2细胞进行表皮生长因子（EGF）结合试验。EGF与EGF受体的结合在开始孵育后60-80分钟达到平台。这种结合随平板上细胞密度的变化而变化。具有低密度细胞的板显示出每细胞数的高结合能力。在相同细胞密度的条件下，我们检测了BaP对EGF结合的影响，但没有发现BaP抑制EGF结合。在本实验中，一些生物指示剂没有显示出我们预期的结果。需要进一步调查以澄清原因。

In this research project, we studied new biological indicators which were useful to assess the risk of chronic obstructive lung diseases and cancer promoting action by air pollution, indoor pollution and working environment. The biological effects of main pollutans, i. e. cigarette smoke, nitorgen dioxide (NO_2), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), etc, were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Rats were exposed to side stream of cigarette smoke and NO_2 in an experimental chamber, 8 hours/day for 5 days. The activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase of lung, kidney and liver were increased by the exposure to cigarette smoke, but not by NO_2. Though total contents of cytochrome P-450 were not induced by either cigarette smoke or NO@_2, the dose-dependent inductions of cytochrome P-450b, c, d isozymes by the cigarette smoke wererecognized using Western Immunoblot analysis. The protein concentration, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase acticities in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were also increased in the rats exposed to cigarette smoke or NO_2. The change of BALF was the most sensitive indicator that we examined in this study. The binding assay of epidermal growth factor (EGF) was also performed using HeLa cell and C3H/1OT1/2 cell. The binding of EGF to EGF receptor reached at a plateau 60-80 min after starting the incubation. This binding was varied by the density of cells on the plate. The plate with low density of the cells shows high binding capacity per cell number. We examined the effect of BaP on the EGF binding in the condition of the same density of the cells, however, it was not recognized that BaP inhibits EGF binding. In this experiment, some biological indicators did not show the result that we had expected. Further investigations were required to clarify the reason.