Chemical Approach to Understanding Species and Recognition System of Social Instect

分析了蚂蚁物种的化学基础和蚂蚁的亲缘（巢伴）识别系统。结果如下。（1）除一种特殊情况外，约50种日本蚂蚁的表皮碳氢化合物组成具有种特异性。蚂蚁的物种识别信号应该是表皮的碳氢化合物成分。（2）奴隶主和奴隶的表皮烃组成完全相同。这可能是它们之间共生的原因。（3）同种不同群体间，表皮烃谱（各峰的相对强度）逐峰变化，同一群体成员具有相同的CHP。蚁群的殖民地碳氢化合物组成可能是蚁群气味的来源。（4）蚁后的存在显著影响了CHP在殖民地成员中的身份。（5）蚁后能将工人紧紧地聚集在她周围，这一现象对CHP的身份认同起着重要作用。

Chemical bases of spesies and kin(nestmate)recognition system of ants were analyzed. The results are as follows.(1)The cuticular hydrocarbon composition of about 50 spesies of Japanese ants were species specific except for one special case. The species recognition signal of ants should be cuticular hydrocarbon composition.(2)The cuticular hydrocarbon compositions of the slave keeper and the slave are exactly identical. This might be the reason why the synbiosis between them occurs.(3)Among same species but different colony members, the cuticular hydrocarbon profile(the relative intensity of each peaks)changes one by one and the same colony members have identical CHP. The colony dependent cuticular hydrocarbon profiles(CHP)should be the origin of colony odor of ants.(4)The presence of queen dramatically affects the identity of the CHP among the colony members.(5)The queen can aggregate the workers tightly around her, and the phemomena performs the important role for the identity of CHP.