Immediate Earthquake protection-Support Information System to Equip at Schools

本研究旨在开发一套即时地震信息系统，以辅助日常生活中大量心理和身体发育不成熟的小学生的应急反应，原因是在地震中，他们比成年人更容易发生地震，他们的老师由于对地震现象和必要的应对措施缺乏了解而不能成为最可靠的领导。该系统的软件由地震输入评估、损失评估和应急辅助三大部分组成。该系统预先存储了地震烈度与结构易损性和伤害率的经验公式以及学生、教师等人数的事实数据，当地震仪检测到重大地震时，系统快速自动地启动各种评估的分步过程。对进行观测的地震严重程度进行实时评估，并且在文本方面，与地震烈度的瞬时值并行地产生诸如警告、自我保护等语音信息，并将其传递给学生和教师。为评估建筑物和相关设施的损失，并最终为疏散等紧急反应提供援助，开展了以下工作。该系统可以在地震动摇结束后的几分钟内完成所有这些过程，所开发的系统可以作为一般学校地震风险管理系统的主要组成部分。此外，只要稍加修改，该系统就可以适用于学校以外的其他公共和社会设施。一份长达几十页的报告将在项目学期结束前发表。

This study aims at developing an immediate earthquake information system to assist emergency responses at primary and junior-high schools where a mass of mentally and physically unripe pupils spend their daily lives, in reasons that in earthquakes they are prone to higher danger of caualty in earthquakes than grown-up people and that their teachers can not be most reliable leaders due to their insufficient knowledge about earthquake phenomena and necessary countermeasures.Hardware of the designed system is simply composed of a set of three-component of strong motion seismometers, a digital recorder and a PC computer. Software of the system is of the three major parts of seismic input evaluation, damage estimation and emergency response assistance. Empirical equations as seismic intensity vs structural vulnerability and casualty rate and fact data as numbers of pupils, teachers and etc are in advance stored in the system.When the seismometer detects a significant earthquake, the system starts stepwise processes for various kinds of assessment rapidly and automatically. The real-time process is carried out for the assessment of the seismic severity at which the observation is made and, in terms of text, the voice information such as caution, self-protection and so forth is produced in parallel with the momentary values of seismic intensity and delivered to the pupils and teachers. The following processes are carried out for the assessment of the damage to shcool buildings and associated facilities and finally for the emergency response assistance as evacuation. The system can finish all of these processes in a few minutes after seismic shaking ends.The developed system can be a principal component of the general risk management system of schools in earthquakes. Also, by a slight modification, the system can apply for other public and social facilities than schools. A report with several tens of pages is to be published by the end of the project term.