Active and Passive Control of Seismic Response for Structures

提出了一种新的闭开环最优控制算法，该算法通过最小化二次时变性能指标与结构系统的地震能量输入之和来实现。这种新的控制律提供了可行的控制算法，可以很容易地应用于地震激励结构。为了将所开发的连续时间控制算法应用于实际结构系统，我们不仅要考虑对观察到的输入运动和系统响应进行数字化处理的时间延迟，还要考虑计算控制力的时间延迟，并通过a /D转换器将其以阶梯函数的形式施加。我们提出了包含时滞补偿的主动结构控制的离散时间公式。为了补偿控制力的时滞，输入的地震运动必须预测用于产生控制力的周期。我们假定地震地面运动被定义为一个自回归过程。利用卡尔曼滤波技术，提出了一种比观测时间提前几个时间步的地震运动预测方法。

A new closed-open-loop optimal control algorithm is proposed that has been derived by minimizing the sum of the quadratic time-dependent performance index and the seismic energy input to the structural system. This new control law provides feasible control algorithms that can easily be implemented for applications to seismic-excited structures. To apply the developed continuous-time control algorithms to a real structural system we must take into account the time delay not only for degitizing the observed input motion and system response but for calculating the control force and for applying it in the form of stepwise function through A/D converters. We developed the discrete-time formulations of active structural control which include the time delay compensation.To compensate the time delay of control force the input earthquake motion must be predicted for the period to be used for generating the control force. We assumed an earthquake ground motion to be defined as an autoregressive process. We also developed a prediction method of earthquake motion for a few time step ahead of observation time by using Kalman filtering technique.