Metal Hydride Electrodes Compacted with Organic Compounds

尽管某些类型的M-H电池已经商业化，但是为了制造能够实现高循环充放电耐久性的更改进的M-H电池，仍然存在许多材料问题有待解决。本文主要讨论了用有机化合物压制的金属氢化物负极的特性。通过研究LaNi_<5-x>M_x（M= AlMn，Co）合金在氢气中的活化行为，用Sieverts型氢化物发生器测定了复合电极的析氢和放氢速率，为理解Al，Co，Mn等替代元素在析氢动力学中的作用作了初步探索。采用具有高吸放氢速率的室温硫化硅树脂与合金形成电极。放电容量随着充放电循环次数的增加而逐渐增加，并且在几次循环之后电池表现出几乎恒定的容量。有机硅复合金属氢化物电极对CH_4和H_2O的表面污染有较好的保护作用。通过测定循环氧化反应次数和空气暴露次数的函数--氧化曲线，系统地研究了氧化和氢氧化对初始活化和再活化的影响。Mn和Co被认为是最有效的，以提高初始激活，然而，几乎没有效果被发现之间的替代元素的循环氧化合金的反应性。

In spite that some types of M-H batteries have been commercialize, there are still many material problems to be solved in order to manufacture more improved M-H batteries which enable high cyclic charge discharge durabilities. In this work, we discussed the characteristics of metal hydride negative electrodes compacted with organic compounds. And we tried to make an fundamental approach to understand the roles of the substitutive elements such as AI, Co, and Mn for Ni in hydriding kinetics by investigating the activation behaviors of LaNi_<5-x>M_x (M=AIMn, Co) alloys in hydrogen gas.The hydriding and dehydriding rates of the composite metal hydride electrodes were measured by Sieverts' type apparatus. A room temperature vulcanizing silicone with high hydriding and dehydriding rates were employed to form the electrode with the alloys. The discharge capacity was gradually increased with increasing the number of charge and discharge cycle, and after the several cycles the cell exhibited a nearly constant capacity. Composite metal hydride electrodes with silicone were effective for protection of surface contaminations of CH_4 and H_2O. The effects of oxidation and hydroxidation on the initial activation and reactivation were systematically investigated by measuring hydriding curves as functions of the number of cyclic hydriding reactions and also the number of air exposures. Mn and Co were found most effective to improve the initial activation, however, almost no effect was found among the substitutive elements in the reactivities of cyclically oxidized alloys.