Studies on biosynthesis and reception of gibberellin-related antheridiogens in gametophytes of schizaeaceous ferns

以[ ^2H_2]9，15-环-GA_9和[ ^2H_2] 3 α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9为材料，对叶蕨的原叶体进行培养。用GC/MS全扫描法测定了发酵液中[ ^2H_2]9，15-cyclo-GA_9转化为[ ^2H_2] 3alpha-羟基-9，15-cyclo-GA_9和[ ^2H_2]蒽酮酸，[ ^2H_2] 3alpha-羟基-9，15-cyclo-GA_9转化为[ ^2H_2]蒽酮酸。这些结果表明，在A. 9，15-cyclo-GA_9中，通过3 α-hydroxy-9，15-cyclo-GA_9生物合成了花药酸。叶状体3 α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9是天然的促雄激素。另一方面，没有观察到[ ^2H_2]9，15-环-GA_9转化为[ ^2H_2]GA_<73>2甲酯（GA_<73>-Me）。利用全扫描GC/MS技术对海南岛珊瑚原叶体的甲醇提取物进行分析，发现了一种新的二萜烃和对映贝壳杉烯。phylliquidae，A. flexuosa（主要的雄激素也是雄激素酸）和海金沙（Lygodiumjaponicum）。新的二萜是花药素酸和/或GA_ -Me的前体的可能<73>性正在调查中。暗生长的原丝体也能在短时间内形成。GA_4-Me（对诱导L.在10 μ <-10>M浓度下，GA_4-Me的活性约为GA_4<20>-Me的1/10<-4>，而GA_4-Me的活性约为GA_4-Me的3倍。

[ ^2H_2]9, 15-Cyclo-GA_9 and [ ^2H_2]3alpha-hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 were fed to prothallia of the fern, Anemia phyllitidis. The metabolites from these feeds were subjected to full scan GC/MS to confirm the conversion of [ ^2H_2]9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 into [ ^2H_2]3alpha-hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 and [ ^2H_2]antheridic acid, and of [ ^2H_2]3alpha-hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 into [ ^2H_2]antheridic aced. These results indicated that antheridic acid is biosynthesized from 9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 via 3alpha -hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 in A. phyllitidis. 3alpha -Hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 was shown to be a native antheridiogen. On the other hand, the conversion of [ ^2H_2]9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 into [ ^2H_2]GA_<73> methyl ester(GA_<73>-Me) was not observed. A novel diterpene hydrocarbon as well as ent-kaurene were detected by full scan GC/MS of the methanol extracts from prothallia of A. phyllitidis, A. flexuosa (the main antheridiogen was also antheridic acid) and Lygodium japonicum. The possibility that the novel diterpene is a precursor of antheridic acid and/or GA_<73>-Me is now under investigation. It was also shown that dark-grown protonemata of L. japonicum incorporated GA_4-Me (active in inducing antheridium formation in L. japonicum protonemata at 10^<-10> M) 3 times more than GA_<20>-Me (ca 1/10^<-4> less active than GA_4-Me).