Study of Taste and Odor Recognition Systems Mimicking Gustation and Olfaction

为了实现通过模仿嗅觉或味觉来感知气味或味道的客观系统，已经进行了许多工作。本研究项目的目的是促进这些领域的研究人员的讨论和气味或味道感知系统的实现。在第一年(1991年)，举行了两次会议，项目成员在会上介绍了他们的研究和传感系统的研发现状。栗原介绍了最近关于嗅觉和味觉的研究，Okahata介绍了双层脂质材料对气味气体的分配系数及其与气味分子结构的关系，森泉介绍了由带有气味吸附薄膜和气体流动网络的石英晶体谐振器组成的系统以及通过传感器的输出模式进行气味识别的系统，东京介绍了通过涂有各种脂肪材料的电极的潜在输出图案来识别味道的味觉系统。吉川回顾了Instbil…更多的物质出现在油-水界面及其在化学传感中的应用，川久保、泽田和森泉讲述了他们最近对这一现象的研究。Sirae、Hiranaka和Moriizumi关于如何改进半导体气体传感器的特性的其他报告，Katsube和Shiokawa关于利用半导体表面光伏效应和表面等离子体波的生物传感器的报告，以及Aizawa关于具有多荧光光谱的化学传感器的报告。在该项目的第二年，1992年举行了三次会议。Aihara回顾了混沌及其在神经网络信息处理中的作用的基本方面，以及山崎传感器融合技术，通过该技术将几个感知信息统一起来，获得信息的总结构。项目外的专家对这一项目给予了很大的合作；Aihara回顾了嗅觉的基础调查和脑电(EEG)中出现的嗅觉反应的研究，Wachi描述了气味的物质和化学结构，气味的语言描述及其对受试者的训练方法，最后Kanzaki讲授了家蚕费洛蒙接收的神经生理学研究。这些为期两年的项目为我们提供了许多关于嗅觉和味觉接收机制的信息，并对促进人工气味或味觉传感系统的研发产生了重大影响。较少

Many works have been performed for realizing objective systems sensing odors or tastes by mimicking olfaction or gustation. The purpose of the present research project is to promote the discussion of the researchers in these fields and the realization of odor or taste sensing systems. In the first year (1991), two meetings were held, in which the project members described their studies and the present R&D situation of the sensing systems. Kurihara told the recent studies on olfaction and gustation, Okahata the partition coefficients of bilayer lipid materials to odor gases and their dependences on odor molecular structures, Moriizumi the systems composed of quartz-crystal resonators with odor adsorption films and gas flow network and the odor identification by the output pat- terns of the sensors, and Tokyo the taste sensing systems where tastes are recognized by the potential output patterns of the electrodes coated with various kinds of lipid materials. Yoshikawa reviewed the instbil … More ity appearing at an oil-water interface and its application to chemical sensing, and Kawakubo, Sawada and Moriizumi told their recent studies on that phenomena. Other reports on how to improve the characteristics of semiconductor gas sensors were made by Sirae, Hiranaka and Moriizumi, on the biosensors using semiconductor surface photovoltaic effects and surface plasmon waves by Katsube and Shiokawa, and on the chemical sensors with multi-fluorescence spectra by Aizawa. Three meeting were held in the Second year of the project, 1992. Aihara reviewed a basic aspect on chaos and its role in neural-network information processing, and Yamazaki the sensor fusion technology by which several perception informations are unified to obtain a total structure of in formation. The experts outside of the project were quite cooperative to this project; i.e., a basic survey on olfaction and the studies of olfactory responses appearing in electroencephalogram (EEG) were reviewed by Aihara, the materials and chemical structures of odors, lingual description of odors and its training methods for panelors were described by Wachi, and finally the neurophysiological studies on silk-worm feromone reception were lectured by Kanzaki. These two-year project gave us much information on olfactory and gustatory reception mechanisms and big impacts for promoting the R&D studies on artificial odor or taste sensing systems. Less