Development of Computer-Aided Operating System for Questionnaire Survey of Seismic Intensity

为了在破坏性地震发生后更快速、更系统地进行地震烈度调查，在计算机上开发了地震烈度问卷调查操作系统。地震烈度是一种不需要任何仪器就能评价地震动严重程度的简便而综合的测量方法，从现代地震学开始就被广泛应用于所有地震多发国家。在日本，地震烈度是由日本气象厅在地震发生后立即正式估计的，但这些数据在空间上过于零散，无法讨论地震烈度的详细分布。1972年提出了一种新的地震烈度调查统计方法，即使用若干调查问卷。此后，包括本项目的研究人员在内的许多研究人员都采用了该方法对日本和国外发生的大部分破坏性地震进行了分析。然而，到目前为止，还没有比较规范的测量操作方案，每次测量都是以临时的方式进行的。因此，在没有专家参与的情况下很难进行调查，有时需要很长时间才能得到最终结果。为了使地震烈度测量工作系统化，本项目启动了地震烈度测量操作系统的开发。操作系统包含了从调查决策阶段到提出估计结果的最后阶段的所有程序。在项目开始时，通过头脑风暴收集了所有调查人员的大量经验，并将整个调查过程重构为逻辑规则基础。该程序分为从初始碎片强度数据中获取等震线、调查决策、问卷发放和收集策略、数据分析和展示四个模块。对于每个模块，规则库都被转换成计算机程序。同时，还进行了相关数据库的构建。少

An operating system for questionnaire survey of seismic intensity was developed on a computer in order to realize more quick and systematic survey soon after the occurrence of damaging earthquakes.Seismic intensity is a convenient but comprehensive measure to evaluate severity of ground motions without any instruments and have been widely used in all the earthquake prone countries from the beginning of modern seismology. In Japan, seismic intensities are officially estimated by the Japan Meteorological Agency immediately after the occurrence of earthquakes but these data are too fragmental in space to discuss detailed distribution of seismic severity. In 1972 a new statistical method for seismic intensity survey was developed by use of a number of questionnaires. Since then, this method have been adopted to the most of damaging earthquakes occurred in Japan and some of that in overseas by many researchers including the investigators of this project. However, there have been no standard … More ized operation scheme for surveying until now and each survey have been carried out with temporary way. Consequently, it have been difficult to do the survey without an expert's participation and sometimes it take much time to get final results. In order to systematize, this project is started to develop an operating system for seismic intensity survey.The operating system contains all the procedures from a stage of decision making for survey to the final stage of presentation of estimated results. At the beginning of the project, plenty of experiences of all the investigators were gathered through brainstorming and whole the survey procedures were reconstructed into a logical rule bases. The procedures are divided into four modules of grasping isoseismals from the initial fragmental intensity data, decision making of survey, strategy for delivering and collecting questionnaires, and data analyses and presentation. For each module, the rule bases are transferred into computer programs. In parallel, a construction of related database is also done. Less