ON THE ANCIENT CULTURAL CONTACTS AROUND THE SEA OF JAPAN (BY JOINT RESEARCH JAPAN==RUSSIA)

总的来说，大多数关于日本海周边古代文化交流的研究主要集中在日本海南部地区。但实际上，该地区的古代文化接触也发生在北部，即北海道或本州北部与西伯利亚或沿海地区之间。例如，龙骨形核心的故乡，北海道的刀刃箭头都是西伯利亚或沿海地区。近十年来，北海道和本州北部地区的抢救性考古发掘因大量的建设而加快，发现了许多来自海外的文物。例如，在北海道阳一的大川遗址发现了可能产自高库里或浦海的黑陶，在北海道Esashi的Menasidomari发现的青铜腰带饰物可能起源于女真。因此，我们对这个问题感兴趣的日本考古学家、民族学家和历史学家打算与俄罗斯学者合作进行研究。1992年，日本学者研究了沿海地区的旧石器时代遗址或贝壳堆，以及几个堡垒（所谓的gorodishiche）。1993年，俄罗斯学者研究了许多考古遗址，并参观了日本北海道和本州北部的博物馆。1994年，俄罗斯学者和日本学者分别进行了访问，并在各自国家进行了研究。在研究过程中，我们认识到女真文化的辉煌，特别是女真的大型堡垒和精美的寻常材料，并相信对女真文化的进一步研究将有助于研究日本与俄罗斯之间的古代文化交流，最终有助于研究阿伊努文化的起源。

In general, most studies of ancient cultural contacts around the sea of Japan have been paid attention mainly to southern part of the area. But in reality, ancient cultural contacts of the area had been done also in the nothern part, namely between Hokkaido or northen Honshu and Siberia or Maritime re-gion. For example, the homeland of keel shaped core, blade arrowhead of Hokkaido were Si-beria or Maritime region.In recent decade, the rescue archaeological excavetions in Hokkaido and northern Honshu were accelerated by many constructions, and then, many arcaeological items originated in oversea area were discovered. For example, black pottery perhaps made in Kao-ku-li or Pohai was discovered at Okawa sites in Yoichi Hokkaido, and bronze belt ornaments uncovered at Menasidomari in Esashi Hokkaido perhaps were originated in Jurchen.So we Japanese archaeologists, ethnologists and historians who interested in the problem intended to resaerch in cooperation with Russian scholars.In 1992, Japanese scholars researched palaeolithic sites or shell-midden, and several fortress (so called gorodishiche) in the Maritime region.In 1993, Russian scholars researched many archeaological sites, and visited museums in Hokkaido and nothern Honsyu of Japan.In 1994, Russian scholar and Japanese scholars visited each to each, and researched in the each country.In the process of this reseach, we recognized magnificence of Jurchen culture, especially their large fortress and thier fine usual materials, and believed that further research of Jurchen culture would contribute to study of ancient cultural contacts between Japan and Russia, and finaly to study of the origin of Ainu culture.