Portraits in medieval and Edo Period Japan, a Deta base and Historio-iconographical Study

我们致力于肖像绘画的基本汇编和研究，这是日本历史研究的主要视觉来源材料之一。以下是迄今为止的结果概要。东京大学史学研究所（HI）从明治时代开始，通过制作复制品收集肖像。目前，HI已经收集了大约900幅肖像，重要的是将它们适当地介绍给学术界。在目前的项目中，我们已经拍摄了所有的照片，准备了4X5的BW底片和25.4 × 30.5cm的印刷品。然后我们对它们进行了研究，并做了一个目录。这引起了许多其他学者对复制品肖像研究可能性的关注。放大后的照片已输入光盘档案系统，并建立了一个初步数据库，可以按对象的身份、职业、性别或大致年龄进行搜索。这个数据库应该使学者们能够从HI的肖像收藏中推断出日本肖像的一些基本特征。项目组对所有类型的日本历史文献和地方历史文献进行了全面的检索，并编制了一份关于肖像的数据目录，目前包含27,000张数据卡。预算限制迫使我们推迟从卡片中编制数据库；尽管如此，通过搜索这些卡片，仍有可能获得日本历史著作中人像资料的完整画面。最后，通过具体的研究项目，项目组已经能够提供一些新的历史解释。例如，文化农村厅举办的“森屋家族收藏的骑马武士”（Moriya-ke bon kiba musha-zo）的主题传统上被认定为河野Moronao。我们提出这幅画实际上描绘的是Moronao的儿子Moroaki。我们还在专题讨论会和学术会议上发表了几篇论文和演讲，其中我们试图发展一种理论和方法，将肖像作为历史来源。为推动我们的研究计划，博物馆于一九九六年三月举办了“肖像与历史研究”研讨会，约有二百五十七名来自不同学科的学者聚集一堂，讨论肖像的历史地位。少

We are congaged in a basic compilation and study of portrait paintings, which comprise one of the major categories of visual source materials for Japanese historical research. The following is an outline of the results to date.1. Ever since the Meiji cra, the Historiographical Institute (HI), Tokyo University, has collected portraits by making replicas. At present, the HI has collected about 900 portraits, and it was important that they be properly introduced to the scholarly world. In the current project, we have photographed all of them, preparing 4X5 BW negatives, and 25.4X30.5cm.prints. We have then studied them, and made a catalog. This has drawn the attention of many other scholars to the research possibilities of replica portraits.2. The enlargements have been entered in an optical-disk filing system, and a preliminary data base has been constructed, enabling searches by the status, occupation, gender, or approximate age of the subject. This data base should enable scholars to e … More xtrapolate from the HI portrait collection some of the basic characteristics of Japanese portraits.3. The Project Team has done a complete search of all types of Japanese historical writing, as well as local histories, and compiled a catalog of data on portraits now comprising 27,000 data cards. Budget constraints forced us to postpone compiling a database from the cards ; still, by searching these cards it is possible to get a complete picture of the portrait data in Japanese historical writings.4. finally, through specific research projects, the Project Team has been able to offer several new historical interpretations. For example, the subject of "Mounted Warrior from the Moriya Family Collection" (Moriya-ke bon kiba musha-zo) held by the Culrural Affairs Agency has been traditionally identified as Kono Moronao. We have proposed that the portrait actually depicts Moronao's son Moroaki. We have also given several papers and presentations at symposia and scholarly meetings, in which we have sought to develop a theory and methodology of the portrait as historical source. In furtherance of our project, the HI sponsored a symposium on "Portraits and Historical Studies" in March, 1996, where some 257 scholars from all disciplines gathered to debate the historical status of the protrait. Less