Volcanic Earthquakes and Tremor at Kilauea Volcano. Hawaii-Their Source Mechanisms

1996年1月8日至2月10日，我们在夏威夷基拉韦厄火山顶区进行了一项实验，包括部署三种配置的密集地震仪阵列，同时记录。所有这些都被安排成最佳地记录发生在基拉韦厄火山顶端破火山口下的地震。第一个阵列是由31台三分量仪器组成的地震天线，排列成半圆形，台站弧线之间的间距约为50m。从天线收集的信号可以进行调谐，以查看地震波在网络中的传播情况。第二个组成部分是一个由两个圆形环组成的阵列，一个由直径为2公里的8个三组成部分站点组成的内环，以及一个由16个直径为4公里的三分量站点组成的外环，外加一个位于中心的站点。这种配置为阵列中心附近发生的事件提供了极佳的方位转换。阵列的第三部分是一条密集的线，由48台仪器组成，大多是垂直的，从网络的中心延伸到上交所。这些仪器之间的间隔为35米，这是为了确保波的一致性而选择的。这个密集的线阵被设计用来研究波的传播随距离的变化。实验的主要目标是记录火山震动和火山地震。在记录期间，震动信号大多很弱，除了2月1日长达4小时的震群。然而，在实验期间，从HVO台网统计到数百次地震，其中许多地震发生在夏威夷岛其他地区的地下。事实上，数据记录器记录了许多地震，包括几次长周期的火山地震和震动。

We made an experiment during January 8,1996 to February 10 in the summit area of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, which consisted of deployment of dense arrays of seismographs in three configurations which recorded simultaneously . All were arranged to optimally record earthquakes that occur beneath the summit caldera of Kilauea. The first array was a seismic antenna of 31 3-component instruments arranged in a semi-circle, with a spacing of about 50 m between arcs of stations. The collected signals from the antenna can be tuned to look at the passage of seismic waves across the network. The second component was an array of two circular rings, an inner ring of 8 3-component stations with a diameter of 2 km and an outer ring of 16 3-component stations with a diameter of 4 km, plus one station at the center. This configuration provided excellent azimuthal converage for events occurring near the center of the array. The third part of the array was a dense line of 48 mostly vertical instruments extending to the SSE from the center of the network. The spacing between these instruments was 35 m, chosen to assure wave coherence. This dense linear array was designed to study wave transmission as a function of distance.The principal goal of the experiment was to record volcanic tremor and volcanic earthquakes. The tremor signal was mostly weak during the recording period, except for a 4-hour long swarm on February 1. However, during the experiment hundreds of earthquakes were counted from the HVO network, with numerous earthquakes that occurred beneath other parts of Hawaii Island. Indeed, the data loggers recorded many earthquakes including several long-period volcanic earthquakes and tremor.