THE ROLE ALLOTMENT OF THE LEGISLATIVE AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCHES IN THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS

继1991年至1992年在科学研究补助金的协助下进行了题为“行政分支在立法过程中的作用“的联合研究之后，1994年和1995年又在“立法和行政分支在立法过程中的作用分配“的标题下进行了这一联合研究项目。本研究报告由调查人员的个人研究论文和立法业务人员的演讲记录组成。实际演讲记录已经出版（Iyama先生、石井先生、村川先生、成田先生、中川先生和平冈先生的演讲）并在报告中重印。一些调查人员的论文也发表在专业期刊上，并被纳入报告，但其中许多仍在进行中，并作为临时工作被纳入报告。未完成的工程将于本年八月完成，并会与已完成的工程及一九九一至九二年度的工程一并沿着。本研究在一般性研究部分，主要探讨了立法机关与行政机关在预算法起草过程中的角色分配、政府的立法责任、政府主导立法的过程、预算法的特点、政府主导立法的行政协调、预算法的立法责任政党的立法职能、内阁法制局的作用、咨询委员会的作用、政府在国会的代表等。个别课题部分包括教育改革法、天皇年号法、政治改革法、选举改革法、地方自治法、地方分权促进法、证券交易监督委员会法等重要立法的案例研究。

Following the joint research entitled "The Role of the Executive Branch in the Legislative Process"assisted by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in 1991 through 1992, this joint research project was pursued under the title of "The Role Allotment of the Legislative and the Executive Branches in the Legislative Process"in 1994 and 1995. The report of the research is composed of individual research papers of investigators and the records of lectures by persons of legislative business.The records of practical lectures have already been published (lectures by Messrs. Iyama, Ishii, Murakawa, Narita, Nakagawa, and Hiraoka) and reprinted in the report. Some of the investigators' papers have also been appeared in professional journals and contained in the report, but many of them are still in progress and contained in the report as interim works. The unfinished works will be completed by this August and be published along with the finished works and the works done in the 1991-92 project. We will apply for the grant-in-aid for publication for the academic year 1997.In this research, the part on general topics deals with the role allotment of the legislative and the executive branches in the drafting process, the legislative responsibility of the government, the process of government initiated legislation, the characteristics of budgetary legislation, the executive coordination of government initiated legislation, the legislative function of political parties, the role of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau, the role of advisory councils, and the government representatives in the Diet. The part of individual topics includes case studies of such important legislations as the educational reform legislation, the Imperial Era Name Law, the political reform legislation, the electoral reform legislation, the Local Autonomy Law, the Promotion of Decentralization Law, and the Security Exchange Supervision Commission Law.