The Current Status of Regional Standard Dialect in Kagoshima City and the Surrounding Area

本项目的目的是要有一个明确的鹿儿岛方言的“地方标准品种”，主要是在鹿儿岛市的市区周围使用。为了达到这个目的，我们进行了三次调查，包括新旧词汇、鹿儿岛方言特有的语法特征、语言态度和社会态度。研究在一个大城市地区（鹿儿岛市）和两个小城市（Makurazaki市和Miyakanojo市）进行。通过对鹿儿岛市区方言的研究，主要发现：（1）句末助词“kee”和“ga”虽然是旧词，但在年轻一代中的使用频率要高于老词。(2)其他较老的项目，'waze'，'naosu'和'hawaku'是平等地使用所有通过代。老一代和中年人把它们视为标准品种的项目，而年轻一代毫不犹豫地使用它们，即使他们知道它们是 ...更多信息 方言形式。(3)新的项目，'nakatta deshita'，'desuyo / dayoo'和'yasukude'，现在正在年轻一代中传播。(4)鹿儿岛地区特有的语法形式，例如“ga naran”，“kaseta”和“netta”，在年轻一代中并不流行。此外，年轻女性的语言也非常标准化。将这些结果与Makurazaki和Miyakonojo的调查结果进行比较，可以看出以下几点：（5）在这两个地方，上述（3）中提到的词汇的使用频率低于鹿儿岛市。然而，使用这些新方言的年轻一代人数的增加表明了这些诞生于鹿儿岛市的新方言的扩散趋势。这一事实表明，年轻一代往往很快接受新的形式。(6)（4）中提到的语法特征仍然很流行，甚至在年轻人中也是如此。(7)宫城县受鹿儿岛市方言的影响比Makurazaki少。但是，从（5）中所述的年轻一代倾向于接受鹿儿岛市方言的事实来看，我们可以说宫之城方言仍然受到鹿儿岛方言的影响。(8)除（7）外，研究结果还表明，宫古之城方言受日向方言的影响并不像我们预期的那样大。少

The aim of this project is to have a clear view of the 'Regional Standard Variety' of Kagoshima dialect which is mainly used around the urban area of Kagoshima City. To accomplish this aim, we have conducted three surveys on old and new lexical items, grammatical features unique to Kagoshima dialect, language attitude and social attitude. The research was done in one large urban area (Kagoshima City) and two small cities (Makurazaki City and Miyakanojo City). The main discoveries from the research on the urban dialect of Kagoshima City are as follows :(1) The sentence final particles, 'kee' and 'ga', are used among the younger generation more frequently than the older generation, although they are old lexical items.(2) The other older items, 'wazze', 'naosu' and 'hawaku' are used equally all through the generations. The old and the middle-aged generations regard them as items of the standard variety, while the young generation use them without hesitation even though they know they are … More dialect forms.(3) The new items, 'nakatta deshita', 'desuyo / dayoo' and 'yasukude', are now diffusing among the younger generation.(4) The grammatical forms peculiar to the Kagoshima region, e.g. 'ga naran', 'kaseta' and 'netta', are not popular among the young generation. And it should be noted that the language of young women is remarkably standardized.Comparing these findings to the results of the surveys in Makurazaki and Miyakonojo, the following points become clear :(5) In these two places, the lexical items mentioned in (3) above are used less frequently than in Kagoshima City. However, the increase of the number of people among the young generation using these new items of dialect demonstrates the tendency of diffusion of these new forms which were born in Kagoshima City. This fact shows that the young generation tends to accept new forms quickly.(6) The grammatical features mentioned in (4) are still popular, even among young speakers.(7) Miyakonojo is less influenced by the dialect of Kagoshima City than Makurazaki. However, from the fact stated in (5) that the young generation tend to pick up the variations of Kagoshima City, we could say that the Miyakonojo dialect is still under the influence of Kagoshima dialect.(8) In addition to (7), the results of the research show us that the Miyakonojo dialect was not influenced by the Hyuga dialect as much as we had expected. Less