CHEIMICAL STUDY OF BIO-DEGRADATION OF FOLIAGE EXTRACTIVES IN FOREST

为了解叶面提取物对杉木（Cryptomeria japonica d.p don .）枯萎的影响，本文对杉木（Cryptomeria japonica d.p don .）进行了以下研究。(1)对杉木叶片提取物的分离分离及其对植物生长的调节作用进行研究；(2)自然条件下干燥过程中叶片中二萜烃含量的变化；(3)褐腐菌SUGI- hiratake对正烯和铁二醇的生物降解；(4)杉木茎流中pH、EC、UV吸收、无机离子和挥发性有机物含量的研究。人工水喷雾实验及SUGI叶片水提取物。杉木叶提取物对白菜种子生长有促进作用，对黑麦草种子和褐腐菌菌丝体生长有抑制作用。在不考虑表面灭菌的情况下，叶片中的二萜烃含量随水分的减少而迅速增加，但在10天后迅速下降。结果表明，在液体介质中，长时间作用于SUGI-HIRATAKE几乎不能降解肠烯和铁二醇。铁三醇在培养基中产生少量糖等。在秋末，不同树种间茎流ph值存在显著差异。SUGI树比BUNA（桦属）或MIZUNARA（栎属）树产生更强的酸性茎流。这些现象都得到了水喷雾实验和叶片水提取的支持，杉木茎流的强酸性主要是由于杉木叶片的水提取液。虽然对SUGI茎流中无机离子、挥发性有机化合物或乙酸乙酯萃取物中酸性化合物的鉴定没有成功，但可以认为SUGI茎流中的强酸性可能是极性水溶性化合物。SUGI叶片的水浸出液在提取初期呈酸性，但经过长时间的浸泡后，pH值变为中性。因此，在降雨、长雨、流体或深雪等自然条件下，树木成分对天然水ph值的影响是复杂的，且随时间、地点和场合而变化，但杉木强酸性茎流对杉木森林土壤和生态系统的影响较大。少

To grasp the effect of foliage extractives to the withering of SUGI (Cryptomeria japonica D.Don.), the following items were investigated.(1) Fractionation and isolation of foliage extractives of SUGI and investigation of their plant growth regulating effects, (2) Change of diterpene hydrocarbone contents in foliages during drying under the natural condition, (3) Bio-degradation of ent-kaurene and ferruginol with brown-rot fungus, SUGI-HIRATAKE, (4) Investigation of pH,EC,UV absorption, content of inorganic ions and volatile organic compounds in the stem flow of SUGI tree, artificial water spray experiments and the water extractives of SUGI foliages.Extractives of SUGI foliage indicated the effects of promoting in cabbage seed growth and inhibiting in rye grass seed and brown rot fungus, SUGIHIRATAKE mycelium growthes. In regardless of surface sterilization, diterpene hydrocarbones in foliages increased in accopanied with moisture decrease rapidly but decreased readily after ten days. I … More t was confirmed that both of entkaurene and ferruginol were hardly degradaed with the action of SUGI-HIRATAKE in liquid media for a long time. Ferruginol yielded a trace of sugiol etc.in the culture medium. Remarkable difference of pH-values of the stem flows among several tree species were found in the late autamun. SUGI trees yielded stronger acidic stem streams in comparison with BUNA (Betula sp.) or MIZUNARA (Quercus sp) trees. As these phenomina were supported by the water spray experiments and water extraction of the foliages, the strong acidity of SUGI stem flow would be mainly due to the water extactives of SUGI foliage. Although attempt to identify the acidic compounds in inorganic ions, volatile organic compounds or ethyl acetate extractives in SUGI stem flows were unsuccessfull, it may be suggested that strong acidity in stem stream of SUGI would be a polar water soluble compound. The water leachings of SUGI foliage indicated the acidity in a early stage of extraction but turned to neutral pH after a long water soaking. Thus, the effect of tree components to the pH-values of natural water supply under the natural conditions such as shower, long rain, fluid or deep snows would be complex and varied depending on time, place and occasion but the strong acidic stem flow of SUGI tree would affect considerably to the forest soil and the ecosystem of SUGI forest. Less