Study on endogenous gibberellins in trees and utilization of gibberellins produced by microbial conversion of kaurene

研究了日本红豆杉（Taxus cuspidata var.nana）芽中的赤霉素、赤霉素与日本赤霉素原生质融合形成融合体，以及赤霉素与日本赤霉素转化产生的赤霉素添加量对日本赤豆杉和日本稻谷（Cephalotaxus harringtonia）芽伸长的影响。赤霉素a3 （GA3）、GA4和赤霉素糖基酯从白菜芽中分离得到。G.fujikuroi IFO 9977和IFO 30337通过原生质体融合形成3个融合体（F1、F2和F3）。每个融合体通过(-)-凯伦烯的微生物转化产生GA3、iso-GA3、GA4、GA7和iso-GA7，亲本真菌通过微生物转化产生相同的赤霉素。而F2和F3融合菌的赤霉素产量约为亲本真菌的1.5倍。当将赤霉素添加到青果和犬谷苗茎上时，青果和犬谷苗的芽分别比对照（不添加微生物转化产生的赤霉素）长约1.2倍和1.1倍。与未添加赤霉素的对照相比，紫杉醇的含量增加了约1.1倍。与未添加赤霉素的对照组相比，犬谷豆芽中抗肿瘤药物三尖杉碱类碱的含量，尤其是三尖杉碱和异三尖杉碱的含量增加了约1.2倍。

Gibberellins in sprouts of Kyaraboku (Taxus cuspidata var.nana), formation of fusants by protoplasts fusion of Gibberella fujikuroi, and the effect of additon of gibberellins produced by a microbial conversion with G.fujikuroi on elongation in Kyaraboku and Inugaya (Cephalotaxus harringtonia) sprouts were examined.1. Gibberellin-A3 (GA3), GA4, and a glucosylester of gibberellin were isolated from Kyaraboku sprouts.2. Three fusants (F1, F2, and F3) were formed by protoplasts fusion between G.fujikuroi IFO 9977 and IFO 30337. Each fusant produced GA3, iso-GA3, GA4, GA7, and iso-GA7 by the microbial conversion of (-) -kaurene, as parents fungi produced the same gibberellins by the microbial conversion. However, amounts of production of gibberellins by F2 and F3 fusants were about 1.5 times larger than those of parents fungi.3. Kyaraboku and Inugaya sprouts were elongated about 1.2 times and about 1.1 times longer than those of the control (no addition of the gibberellins produced by the microbial conversion), respectively, when the gibberellins were added to Kyaraboku and Inugaya stems. Furthermore, the content of taxol, a strong anti-tumor agent, in Kyaraboku sprouts was increased about 1.1 times larger than that of the control (no addition of the gibberellins). The contents of harringtonine aklaloids (an anti-tumor agent), especially harringtonine and isoharringtonine, in Inugaya sprouts were increased about 1.2 times larger than that of the control (no addition of the gibberellins)