Insect Diversity in Sino-Japanese Region

1995 - 1997年在云南、贵州和陕西对主要昆虫类群的生物多样性进行了实地调查。我们收集了1700份蝴蝶标本（约180种）、1600份飞蛾标本（约550种）、3200份锯蝇标本（约550种）、3000份拟寄生蜂标本（约10万份下双翅目昆虫标本）、2700份蝇类标本（包括模蝇科）、8000份鞘翅目标本（包括模蝇科）、1200份跳虱标本（约56种）和400份昆虫标本。观察了粘住的象鼻虫的新摇篮形成行为和纸胡蜂的筑巢行为。获得了寄主植物和许多食虫昆虫未成熟期的新信息。80种锯蝇的染色体数目从n=6到20不等。结果表明：(1)中国西南地区昆虫区系丰富，是日本的4 ~ 5倍；(2)与日本相同的昆虫属占70% ~ 80%，与日本相同的昆虫种不到10%；(3)本区有日本特有种及其近缘种；(4)收集到的部分属和许多种是本区特有的；(5)中国西南地区是中日昆虫多样性的中心，部分昆虫在该地区的适应性辐射到达日本。

Field surveys on biodiversity of main insect groups were carried out in Yunnan, Guizhou and Shaanxi provices, China, from 1995 to 1997. We collected 1700 specimens referred to about 180 species of butterflies, 1600 specimens of moths, 3200 specimens comprising about 550 species of sawflies, 3000 specimens of parasitoid wasps, about 100,000 specimens of the lower Diptera, 2700 specimens of tacinid flies, 8000 specimens of Coleoptera including Mordellidae, 1200 specimens comprising 56 species of jumping plantlices and 400 specimens of bugs through these surveys. New cradle formation behaviors of attelabid weebils and nesting behaviors of paper wasps were observed. New information of host plant and inmature stage of many hytophagous insects was obtained. Chromosome number for 80 sawfly species examined ranged from n=6 to 20.Our examinations suggest that (1) The south western area of China has rich insect fauna, four to five times of that in Japan ; (2) 70 to 80% of insect genera from this area are same to those from Japan, but less than 10% of species collected are same to Japanese species ; (3) Endemic species to Japan and its close relatives occur in this area ; (4) Some genera and many species collected are endemic to this area ; (5) Southwest China is the center of insect diversity in Sino-Japanese region and a part of insects adaptively radiated there reached to Japan.