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In the Three River Region of southwestern China the original birthplace of buckwheat? -A genetic analysis

中国西南三江地区是荞麦的发源地？

基本信息

批准号：
15380005
负责人：
OHNISHI Ohmi
金额：
$ 3.58万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380005/
关键词：
common buckwheat Tartary buckwheat Allozyme AFLP Microsatellite markers origin of cultivated plants The San Jiang area Eastern Tibet ソバ野生祖先種遺伝資源栽培の起原地 SSRマーカー中国南西部三江地域野生ソバ

项目摘要

We visited the San Jiang area twice, once in the fall of 2003, and once in the fall of 2004 for the search of cultivated and wild Fagopyrum species. The wild ancestor of cultivated common buckwheat, F.esculentum ssp.ancestrale was found in many places in the Lancang river valley and the Jinsha river valley, however, it was not found in the Nu river valley. This is a crucial finding for the hypothesis that the original birthplace is the San Jiang area, which was born out of the study of the distribution areas of the wild ancestor. Genetic relationships among cultivated and natural populations of common buckwheat revealed that the natural populations from eastern Tibet and the population from Adong village of northern Yunnan were closely related with the cultivated common buckwheat populations. This implies that those natural populations from Tibet and Yunnan are the strong candidates for the ancestral populations of cultivated common buckwheat. RAPD, AFLP and allozyme analyses on wild Tartary buckwheat also suggested that the San Jiang area is the strong candidate of the original birthplace of Tartary buckwheat.For more detailed analysis of natural and cultivated populations of buckwheat species, we constructed 64 microsatellite(SSR) markers. Among them 48 showed polymorphism in cultivated common buckwheat. Those constructed SSR markers are revealed tdo wark also in wild ancestor of common buckwheat, cultivated and wild tartary buckwheat in some extent.We are now analyzing cultivated and wild populations of common and Tartary buckwheat populations using newly constructed SSR markers.

为了寻找栽培荞麦和野生荞麦，我们于2003年和2004年两次到三江地区考察。栽培荞麦的野生祖先F.esculentum ssp.ancestrale在澜沧江流域和金沙江流域的许多地方都有发现，但在怒江流域没有发现。这是对野生祖先分布区研究中提出的三江地区为原始发源地假说的一个重要发现。荞麦栽培群体与自然群体间的遗传关系表明，藏东地区自然群体和云南北方阿洞村群体与栽培荞麦群体亲缘关系较近。这表明西藏和云南的自然居群是栽培荞麦祖先居群的有力候选者。利用RAPD、AFLP和等位酶分析技术对新疆三江地区的野生苦荞进行了研究，结果表明，三江地区是苦荞原产地的最佳候选地。其中48个在栽培荞麦中表现出多态性。这些SSR标记在普通荞麦的野生祖先、栽培和野生苦荞中也有一定的应用价值，我们正在利用新构建的SSR标记对普通荞麦和苦荞麦的栽培和野生群体进行分析。