Sustainable Development of Irrigated Agriculture in Arid Lands

该研究旨在分析由于灌溉导致的荒漠化因素，并为可持续农业提出新的灌溉指导方针。1995年在中国和伊朗以及非洲的尼日尔、加纳和肯尼亚进行了实地考察。探讨了发展可持续灌溉农业的灌排新技术，林业领域通过使用有限的地下水，可以经济地开发用于灌溉，水。伊朗在经历了历史性的革命和长达15年的两伊战争后，正在发展灌溉农业。在伊斯法罕、法尔斯和胡泽斯坦省开展了实地工作，重点是利用河流的大型灌溉项目的功能和评价。主要讨论内容如下：（1）维持沙丘固定和防风罩对策 ...更多信息 （2）建立节水灌溉方法，（3）卫星MSS数据分析监测方法，（4）河流和地下水盐碱化监测系统，（5）高纬度干旱区气象分析，（6）农村规划农林复合经济分析。在亚湿润干旱条件下，在尼日尔靠近尼亚美市的半干旱地区，加纳分布的阿克拉、库马西和塔马利市，以及肯尼亚国家灌溉委员会靠近马里加特地区的Perkerra灌溉区进行了田间试验。主要讨论内容如下：（1）利用东、西非撒哈拉地区的自然和社会环境资料，分析了荒漠化的影响因素。（2）利用卫星MSS资料，对荒漠化进行了监测。以及（3）通过对气象要素的分析，探讨了可持续农业的小规模灌溉制度。对现行水土管理法规进行了评述。少

The research seeks to analyze the factors of desertification due to irrigation and recommend new irrigation guidelines for sustainable agriculture. The field works were carried out in China and Iran in Asia, in 1995 and in Niger, Ghana and Kenya in Africa, 1996.In 1995, at the Mu Us Shamo Research Center, Iocated in the southern Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia Autonoumous Region, new technologies of irrigation and drainage were discused to develop sustainable irrigated agro-forestry fields by using limited groundwater which can be economically developed for use as irrigation, water. Iran is developing irrigated agriculture、after going through the historical revolution and the Iran-Iraq-war which lasted for 15 years. Field works were carried out focusing on the functions as well as evaluation of the large scale Irrigation Projects using rivers in the Provinces of Esfahanm, Fars and Khuzestan. The main discussin are as follows ; (1) Countermeasures to sustain dune fixation and wind shelt … More er, (2) Establishment of irrigation method to save water, (3) Monitoring method using the satelite MSS data analysis, (4) Monitoring system of the salinization of river and groundwater, (5) Meteorological analysis for the arid lands distributed in the high latitude zones, and (6) Economic analysis of agroforestry for rural planning.In 1996, field works were carried out in three kind of regions as follows ; the semi-arid areas close to Niamey city in Niger, the cities of Accra, Kumasi and Tamale distributed in Ghana and the Perkerra irrigation sheme of National Irrigation Board close to Marigat district in Kenya, under the dry sub-humid conditions. The main discussions are as follows ; (1) The factors for desertification is analyzed by using the natural and social environments collected in the Saharian zone of East and West Africa, (2) The desertification is monitered by using the satelite MSS data, and (3) Small scale irrigation scheduling for sustainable agriculture is discussed by analyzing the factors of meteorological data The mechanism of salinization is investigated by reviewing on the existing rules for soil and water managements too. Less