Systematics and Biogeography of Chinese Bitterlings

1995 ~ 1996年，由6名日本和6名中国调查人员在中国进行了中国苦雀的系统学和生物地理学研究。1995年，我们和中国调查人员一起去了上海、浙江、湖北和云南，在那里我们研究了分类、核型和收集样本进行DNA实验。我们还参观了中国科学院武汉水生生物研究所博物馆和中国科学院昆明动物研究所博物馆，在那里我们检查了来自中国许多地方的苦鱼标本。1996年，我们和中国调查人员一起去了上海、辽宁、山东、湖北和浙江，在那里我们研究了分类、核型和收集样本进行DNA实验。我们还与中国调查人员一起参观了天津自然博物馆和山东大学，在那里我们检查了来自山东的蒙古伪木猴模式标本和苦味标本。在1995 ~ 1996年的考察中，发现了以下几个要点：1)在中国浙江省发现了被认为是日本特有的Rhodeus atremius； 2)在中国首次发现了n=23的bitterling （Ueda et al., in press）。3)研究了光Rhodeus和Tanakia himantegus的Ag-NORs （Ueda et al., in press）。4)发现中国特有种光罗迪斯（Rhodeus lighti）和韩国特有种乌氏罗迪斯（Rhodeus uyekii）是中国苦味罗迪斯sinensis的初级同义种（Akai and Arai, in press）。5)子午线飞龙的分型由两种组成。6)在辽宁省发现了国内未见文献报道的Tanakia lanceolata （Arai et al., 1995）。8)在国内首次发现一种似乎在秋季产卵的苦鱼。9)对中国9种（含亚种）、日本15种（含亚种）、韩国1种（含亚种）和欧洲1种（含亚种）的头侧感觉管和眶下骨进行了研究。某些物种的成年标本具有幼鱼所特有的头状感觉管，表明苦鱼是通过头形发育形成的。少

Systematics and Biogeography of Chinese Bitterlings were studied by 6 Japanese and 6 Chinese investigators in China from 1995 to 1996. In 1995, we went to Shanghai City, Zhejiang, Hubei, and Yunnan Provinces with Chinese investigators, where we studied classification, karyotypes and collected samples for DNA experiments. We also visited the Museum of Institute of Hydrobiology, Academia Sinica, Wuhan and the Museum of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Kunming, where we examined specimens of bitterlings from many places of China. In 1996, we went to Shanghai City, Liaoning, Shandong, Hubei and Zhejiang Provinces with Chinese investigators, where we studied classification, karyotypes and collected samples for DNA experiments. We also visited the Tianjin Natural History Museum, Tianjin and the Shandong University, Jinan with Chinese investigators, where we examined the type specimen of Pseudoperilampus monguonensis and bitterling specimens from Shandong Province.As the results … More of the Expedition from 1995 to 1996, following points were found : 1) Rhodeus atremius, which was considered as an endemic species to Japan, was found in Zhejiang Province, China. 2) A bitterling having n=23 was found for the first time in China (Ueda et al., in press). 3) Ag-NORs of Rhodeus lighti and Tanakia himantegus were studied (Ueda et al., in press). 4) It was found that Rhodeus lighti which was considered as an endemic species to China, and Rhodeus uyekii which was considered as an endemic species to Korea are junior synonym of a Chinese bitterling Rhodeus sinensis (Akai and Arai, in press). 5) Syntypes of Acheilognathus meridianus consist of two species. 6) Tanakia lanceolata, which was not reported in any paper and book in China, was discovered in Liaoning Province (Arai et al., 1995). 7) Tanakia species was collected for the first time from Shanghai City. 8) A bitterling which seems to spawn in the autumn was descovered for the first time in China. 9) The cephalic sensory canals and suborbital bones of 9 Chinese species including subspecies, 15 Japanese species including subspecies, 1 Korean species and 1 European species were studied. Adult specimens of some species have the cephalic sensry canals characteristic to the juveniles, suggesting speciation by peadomorphosis in bitterlings. Less