Structural Aanalyzes and the Immunostimulant Activity of the Anti-AIDS Virus Polysaccharide from Marinc Microalga

一种海洋微藻，cochlordinium polykrikoides，产生细胞外硫酸化多糖。将无细菌菌株在ESM培养基中3500勒克斯连续光照下在生长箱中培养50天。采用乙醇和鲸鱼素沉淀，deae -纤维素柱层析对多糖进行分离纯化。该多糖由甘露糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖和葡萄糖醛酸以及硫酸盐基团组成。该产品抑制HIV-1、HIV-2、抗齐多夫定的HIV-1和各种包膜病毒的细胞病变作用，其浓度与葡聚糖硫酸盐相似，其浓度对血液凝固过程无明显抑制作用。该产物不抑制HIV-1与宿主细胞的结合，也不抑制抗gp120单克隆抗体与HIV-1 gp120的结合，提示其抗hiv活性的机制可能主要是抑制病毒细胞融合。以裸子鞭毛藻提取物为原料制备单克隆抗体，并与多核线虫提取物及细胞表面反应。因此，需要更精确的制备单克隆抗体的实验来进行多核线虫的免疫学鉴定。

A marine microalga, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, produces the extracellular sulfated polysaccharide. The bacteria-free strain of C.porikrikoides was grown in the ESM medium for 50 days in continuous light at 3500 lux in a growth cabinet. Isolation and purification of the polysaccharide were accomplished by precipitation with ethanol and Cetavion, followed by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. This polysaccharide was composed of mannose, galactose, glucose, and glucuronic acid, together with sulfate groups. The product inhibited the cytopathic effect of HIV-1, HIV-2, Zidovudine resistant HIV-1, and variuos enveloped viruses, at a similar concentrations of those of dextran sulfate, the concentrations of which were not markedly inhibitory to the blood coagulation process. The product did not inhibit the binding of HIV-1 to the host cells and the binding of anti-gp120 monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 gp120, suggesting that the mechanism of anti-HIV activity of the product may be primarily due to the inhibition of virus cell fusion. A monoclonal antibody produced by the extract of Dinoflagellate Gymnodiniu sp.reacted with the extract and cell surface of of C.polykrikoides. Therefore more precise experiments on production of monoclonal antibodies are needed for immunological identification of C.polykrikoides.