Development of xenongas as an inhalational anesthetic.

1. 氙和一氧化二氮对肺阻力的影响：氙由于其高密度和黏度高，导致气道阻力增加。在正常的dpgs中，呼吸70%的氙气，而不是50%的氙气，肺阻力大于70%的氧化亚氮，50%的氧化亚氮或对照气体。然而，在接受甲基苯丙胺治疗的狗中，呼吸50%氙气的肺阻力并不比呼吸50%氧化亚氮或对照的肺阻力大。结果表明，吸入高浓度的氙气会增加气道阻力，但对正常或支气管狭窄气道的狗只会增加适度的气道阻力。氙气对心血管系统的影响：在氟烷麻醉时，用50%氙气和80%氧化亚氮对自主神经系统（ANSB）进行阻滞或不阻滞的狗的心血管系统的影响进行比较。氙气显著降低了伴有和未伴有ANSB的狗的平均动脉压和dp/dt。然而，在患有ANSB的狗身上，使用氙气的抑郁程度明显低于使用氧化亚氮的。结果表明，氙气对心血管系统的直接抑制作用小于氧化亚氮。人体氙气和氧化亚氮麻醉时的EGG和EMG变化：脑电图变化与氙气和氧化亚氮麻醉时相似。两种麻醉药在0.33和0.5 MAC时α波衰减，基本节律频率略有下降，在0.66 MAC较高时α波和θ波减慢。在0.66 MAC时，观察到2/7的氙气和5/7的氧化亚氮的笑的外观，用肌电图变化来评估。

1. The effects of xenon and nitrous oxide on pulmonary resistance : Xenon causes an increase in airway resistance due to its high density and viscosity. In normal dpgs, pulmonary resistance breathing 70% xenon, but not 50% xenon, was greater than that with 70% nitrous oxide, 50% nitrous oxide or control gas. In methacholine-treated dogs, however, the pulmonary resistance breathing 50% xenon was not greater than that during 50% nitrous oxide or control. The results suggest that inhalation of high concentrations of xenon increases airway resistance, but only to a modest extent in dogs with normal or bronchoconstricted airways.2. The effects of xenon on cardiovascular system : The effects of 50% xenon on cardiovascular system were examined in comparison with 80% nitrous oxide in dogs with or without pharmacological blockade of the autonomic nervous system (ANSB) during halothane anesthesia. Xenon significantly decreased mean arterial pressure and dp/dt in both dogs with and without ANSB.In dogs with ANSB,however, these depressions with xenon were significantly less than those with nitrous oxide. The results indicate that the direct depressive effect of xenon on cardiovascular system is smaller than that of nitrous oxide.3. The EGG and EMG changes during xenon and nitrous oxide anesthesia in humans : The EEG changes were similar with xenon and nitrous oxide. The attenuation pf alpha wave and slight decrease in frequency of basic rhythm were observed at 0.33 and 0.5 MACs and slow alpha and theta waves at the higher MAC of 0.66 with both anesthetics. An appearance of laughing, which was evaluated with the EMG changes, was observed in 2/7 wiht xenon and 5/7 with nitrous oxide at 0.66 MAC.