Generation of the workstation for image interpretation based on observer's diagnosis process

在现代放射科，在PACS环境中进行图像解释的可能性已经增加。需要减少CRT观察站的压力和提高工作效率，并且从人体工程学的观点来看，在建立最佳显示格式方面已经取得了很大进展。本研究使用眼球追踪装置评估了三种显示方法在磁共振图像解释中的有效性。7名放射科医生使用一台显示器(17英寸，1,024x1,280英寸)以4图像/屏幕的显示格式解释头部MR研究。比较了三种分页模式：(1)模式A：仅快速分页；(2)模式B：多个图像系列显示在同一切片位置，并连续快速分页；(3)模式C：多个系列同时显示，但每个图像系列独立浏览。使用眼标相机，在实际图像解释过程中记录放射科医生的注视点和注视持续时间。模式A注视时间短，注视点在视野内随机分布。在模式B中，凝视点主要聚集在特定的图像序列上。在模式C中，凝视点没有聚集在特定的序列上，但观看T2序列的持续时间相对较长。对于多序列显示模式下的视觉搜索模式，放射科医生从扫描某一图像序列开始对MR图像进行解释，并将注意力集中在几幅有吸引力的图像上。随后，查看其他图像序列以分析在最初解释的序列上检测到的异常。多序列显示适合于MR图像的解释，其中可以有效地查看选定的关键切片序列。

In modern radiology departments, the possibility of image interpretation in a PACS environment has grown. A reduction in stress and an increase in work efficiency at the CRT viewing station are required, and much progress has been made toward establishing the optimal display format from the viewpoint of ergonomics. This study evaluated the effectiveness of three kinds of display methods for MR image interpretation using an eye-tracking device. Seven radiologists interpreted head MR studies using a single monitor (17-inch, 1,024x1,280) in the 4 images/screen display format. Three paging modes were compared : (1) mode A : rapid paging only ; (2) mode B : multiple image series display at the same slice position with consecutive rapid paging ; (3) mode C : simultaneous display of multiple series, but each image series were browsed independently. Using an eye-mark camera, the radiologist's point of fixation and the duration of fixation were recorded during actual image interpretation. In mode A,the duration of fixation was short, and the points of fixation were distributed randomly over the visual field. In mode B,the points of fixation were clustered chiefly on a specific image series. In mode C,the points of fixation were not clustered on a specified series, but the duration of viewing the T2 series was relatively long. The total tracing area in mode B and C was smaller than that in mode A.With regard to visual search patterns in the multiple series display mode, radiologists started MR image interpretation by scanning a certain image series and fixated on several images which were attractive. Subsequently, other image series were viewed for analyzing abnormalities detected on the initially interpreted series. Multiple series display, in which selected key series of slices could be viewed effectively, was found to be suitable for MR image interpretation.