System for Implementaion of Urban Planning and the Principle of Urban Planning

今天的城市规划体系要求对已建成地区的更新、与自然的协调以及对每个地区的认同的创造。因此，它应该(L)控制所有的国家土地，(2)全面控制所有的开发，(3)足够详细的控制，以创造街道的身份。在英国，他们发展了自己的自由裁量权制度，他们用来为每个地区制定单独的规划。它的可信度由公众参与、议会采纳、规划师职业、公开政府和上诉以及司法审查来支持。日本的规划体系存在一些缺陷：城市规划仅限于城市规划领域。城镇平面图没有详细说明。建筑不包括在“发展”的概念中。小型开发项目不受规划控制。官员们不把标准作为拒绝许可的标准，而是把它视为已开发地点的技术标准，而我对此持反对态度。地方议会不决定图则和规划许可。公众参与的机会很少。诉讼资格也受到狭隘的限制。但《环境影响评估法》是1996年颁布的。在最近的案件中，我们可以发现斯普雷姆法院的插曲有变化的迹象。

Urban Planning System today is required to be useful for renewal of built areas, coordination with nature and creation of identity for every areas. Therefor it shuould have (l)control of all of the national land, (2)comprehensive control of all of the developments and (3)detailed control enough to create identity of streets.In Britain they have developed their own discretionary system which they use to make a individual plan for each areas. Its credability is supported by public participation, adoption by councils, profession of planner, open government and appeal and judicial review.Japanes Planning System has some defects : Town Planning is limited within Town Planning Areas. Town plans are not detailed. Building is not included in the conception of "development". Small develoopments are free from planning control. Officials regard criteria not as those for permission refusal, but as technical standards for developed sites while I am opposed to it.Local councils do not determine plans and planning permissions. Public participaion is limited in very little opportuinities. Standing to suit is limited narrowly too. But the Environmental Impact Assessment Act is enacted in 1996. We can find the signs of change in the Spreme Court jadgements in recent cases.