Evolutonary and phylogenetic study on the Drosophila virilis section (Diptera : Drosophilidae)

在日本群岛进行了包括亚热带地区到冷温带地区的果蝇区系调查，以及关于繁殖基质、微生境和季节波动的生态调查。本文报道了日本果蝇区系中的2个新种、3个新记录种和几个岛状亚种，并对雄性果蝇组的日本成员及其近缘种进行了核型分析、生殖隔离研究、Adh基因和mtDNA分析。分子系统发育树表明，粗壮种属是多系的，包括冈台亚群、裂叶亚群和粗壮亚群。这一点得到了核型观察的支持。okadai亚群和四齿龙亚群建立了相同的集群，而robusta亚群和黑猩猩亚群建立了另一个集群。在此基础上，讨论了该节的演化过程。

Faunal surveys of the Drosophila virilis section were made in the Japan Islands covering subtropical regions to cool temperate regions, together with ecological surveys on breeding substrates, microhabitats and seasonal fluctuations. Two new species, 3 newly recorded species and several insular subspecies were added to the Japanese fauna of drosophilidsKaryotype analyzes, reproductive isolation studies, analyzes of Adh genes and mtDNA were carried out by using Japanese members of the virilis section and their related foreign species. The molecular phylogenetic tree demonstrated that the robusta species-group was polyphyletic, comprising the okadai subgroup, the lacertosa subgroup and the robusta subgroup. This was supported by the karyotype observation. The okadai subgroup and the quadrisetata group built the same cluster, whereas the robusta subgroup and the melanica group did another cluster. The evolutionary process of the virilis section was discussed based on the results obtained.