Relationship between starch accumulation and leaf physiology in fruit trees (1996)

为了解部分果树叶片的生理功能，测定了叶片中碳水化合物的含量，尤其是淀粉的含量。研究了不同施氮量对桃树、苹果树和猕猴桃树非结构性碳水化合物和核酮糖二磷酸羧基加氧酶(Rubisco)积累的影响。采用免疫印迹、免疫印迹和光镜下切片免疫染色方法检测Rubisco的含量。氮素充足的叶片中淀粉和Rubisco蛋白的含量随着叶片中淀粉含量的减少而增加。用透射电子显微镜观察叶绿体的超微结构。研究了盆栽桃树摘果前后叶片中非结构性碳水化合物含量、叶绿素含量和光合作用的变化。叶绿素含量随着单株果实数的增加而增加。果实成熟期果树叶片淀粉含量低于非果树叶片。果实成熟期果树叶片中山梨醇含量略高于非果树。下午的淀粉含量高于上午。去果后1d内，叶片中淀粉显著积累，以后继续增加。去果后一天，山梨醇含量随淀粉积累而增加。测定了芒果叶片解剖和生理特性的变化，包括单位面积花青素和叶绿素含量的变化，以了解是什么控制了包括不同发育阶段的叶绿素花序在内的光合作用速率。叶绿素含量与光合作用活性之间存在着显著的相关性。

The content of carbohydrate, particularly starch, was determined to understand the physiological function of leaves in some fruit trees.1. The effects of the application of different amounts of nitrogen on the accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrate and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO) were determined for peach, apple, and kiwifruit trees. The content of RuBisCO was detected by immunoblotting after SDS-polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis as well as by immunostaining of sections under the light microscope. The contents of starch and RuBisCO protein in nitrogen-sufficient leaves increased with the decrease in the amounts of starch in the leaves. The ultrastructure of chloroplast was observed by TEM.2. Changes in contents of nonstrutural carbohydrates in leaves, as well as chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of leaves before and after fruit removal, were investigated in potted peach trees. The chlorophyll content increased with increasing of fruits per tree. The starch content in leaves of fruiting trees at the fruit maturation stage was lower than that in leaves of non fruiting trees. The sorbitol content in leaves of fruiting trees during the fruit maturation stage was slightly higher than that in leaves of non fruiting trees. Starch content in the afternoon was higher than that in the morning. Starch accumulated significantly in leaves within one day after removal of fruit and continued to increase thereafter. One day after removal of fruit, the sorbitol content increased in parallel with the accumulation of starch.3. Changes in anatomical and physiological features, including changes in amounts per unit area of anthocyanin and chlorophyll, in leaves of mango trees were determined to understand what controls the rate of photosynthesis including chlorophyll inflorescence at various stages of development. There are significantly relations between chlorophyll content an photosynthetic activity.