THE FORENSIC APPLICATION OF ABO BLOOD GROUP GENES AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ANTIGENS

研究了ABO(H)及其相关抗原在包括人类在内的哺乳动物中的分布，以探讨这些抗原的生物学意义。这些抗原在人、日本猴、大鼠和猫的男性生殖器官如附睾腺、前列腺和精囊中被识别。ABO相关抗原在人、日本猴、大鼠、狗、兔和猫的舌味蕾细胞中也有表达。由此推测，ABO及其相关抗原与雄性哺乳动物味蕾细胞中的化学感受器系统和生殖器官中的精子发生有关。在胸腺的Hassall小体中还观察到这些抗原，表明这些抗原在胸腺的T细胞教育系统中起作用。用所制备的人ABO基因分型引物对人、大鼠、猫、乳头鱼和鱼的DNA样品进行了扩增。这一结果表明，在法医实践中，由于唾液和精液等法医材料容易受到室内宠物液体的污染，即使在进行ABO基因分型时，菌种鉴定也是重要的步骤。

The distribution of the ABO (H) and related antigens in some mammals including human was studied to resolve the biological significance of these aqntigens. Thes antigens were recognized in the male reproductive organs such as epididymidis, prostate and seminal vesicle of human, Japanese monkey, rat, and cat. The ABO related antigens were also expressed in the taste buds cells of the tongue of human, Japanese monkey, rat, dog, rabbit and cat. Form these it is presumed that the ABO and related antigens are associated with the chemoreceptor systems in the taste buds cells and spermatogenesis in the deproductive organs of male mammals. These antigens were additionally observed in the Hassall's corpuscles in the Thymus, showing a role of these antigens in the T-cell educatianal systems of the Thymus. The DNA samples obtained from human, rat, cat, mastomis and fish were ammplified by PCR using the primers prepared for human ABO genotyping. This resulindicate that in the forensic practice, the species identification is important procedure even in ABO genotyping by PCR because forensic material, such as salivaurine and seminal fluid migit be contaminated with the fluid from indoor pets.