A research for constraints on area of activation that determined memory development.

本研究的目的是检验扩散激活限制(CASA)假说的有效性。假设要记住的词的激活水平决定了该词是否被回忆，而该词的激活水平是由语境对扩散激活的限制来维持的。实验1和2表明，在语义约束较强的语境中，要记住的词比在弱语义约束的语境中更容易被回忆。实验3表明，呈现下级同事的任务型任务比呈现上级同事的任务型任务更容易被回忆。实验4和实验5表明，与形容词(或名词)联想配对的TBR(名词或形容词)比与名词(或形容词)配对的TBR更容易被回忆。实验6表明，与只诱发(向前或向后)一个联想相比，当同时诱发前向和向后联系时，任务型记忆被回忆得更少。实验7表明，任务型记忆引起的下级同事比上级同事更容易被回忆起来。实验8、9和10表明，与名词(或形容词)联想相比，(名词或形容词)引出形容词(或名词)联想更容易被回忆起来。实验11-14表明，语境对扩散激活的制约作用发生了发展变化。这些结果支持CASA假说。

The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity of Constrains on Area of Spreaing Activation (CASA) hypothesis. The hypothesis assumed that the level of activation of a to-be-remembered word (TBR) determined whether TBR was recalled or not and that the level of activation of TBR was maintained by constraints of contexts on spreading activation.Exp.1 and 2 indicated that TBR in the context of strong semantic constraint to TBR was more recalled than TBR in the context of weak one. Exp.3 showed that TBR presented with subordinate associate was more recalled than it did with superordinate one. Exp.4 and 5 indicated that TBR (noun or adjective) paired with a adjective (or noun) associate was more recalled than it with a noun (or adjective) one. Exp.6 showed that TBR was less recalled when it elicited both forward and backward associates than when it elicited only either (forward or backward) one. Exp.7 showed that TBR elicited the subordinate associate was more recalled than it did the superordinate one. Exp.8,9 and 10 indicated that TBR (noun or adjective) elicited a adjective (or noun) associate was more recalled than it did a noun (or adjective) one. Exp.11-14 indicated that developmental changes in constraints of contexts on spreading activation. These results supported the CASA hypothesis.