STUDY ON GROWTH AND ADENOSINE NUCLEOTIDES OF MARINE AND TERESTRIAL PSYCHROTROPHIC BACTERIA

生物在低温下生存的机理尚不清楚。特别是对核酸前体的研究，由于快速、准确的分析方法尚未完善，直到目前还几乎没有开展。对细菌培养中腺苷酸浓度的测定方法进行了研究和完善。其次，从寒冷环境中分离出海洋和陆地的嗜冷细菌，研究了嗜冷假单胞菌在腺苷酸浓度下的生长及其随生长时间的变化，将嗜冷假单胞菌根据生长方式和最适生长温度分为两组（ⅰ组和ⅱ组的最适生长温度分别低于和高于25℃）。镁和葡萄糖对植物生长、葡萄糖产酸、丙酮酸作为唯一碳源的利用等方面的影响存在差异。与生长温度无关，在生长过程中，i组AMP含量最高，ADP含量中等，ATP含量最低。II族中几乎所有的腺苷核苷酸在整个生长期间都被AMP占据，与生长温度无关。第二组生长阶段腺苷酸能量电荷（ATP+1/2ADP/ATP+ADP+AMP）极低（接近于零）。在最佳温度或更低温度下生长的组I中，培养物中的腺苷酸浓度随着培养时间的延长而增加。在组II中，AMP浓度快速上升，在对数和平稳生长阶段达到最大值，然后突然降至底部。在不同的无机和有机介质、氧张力和ph值中也发现了类似的结果。这些结果表明，类群I和类群II是不同的进化类群，在低温条件下的生长与腺苷酸代谢有关。少

The mechanism that organisms can live at low temperature is not clear. Especially, the study for nucleic acid precursors has not been almost performed until this time because the method for the speedy and accurate analysis has not been perfected. The methods for determination of adenylate concentrations in bacterial culture were examined and perfected. Scecondly, marine and terrestrial psychrotrophic bacteria were isolated from cold environments, and growth and change with growth time in adenylate concentrations were studied especially for psychrotrophic Pseudomonas spp. In the results, the psychrotrophic Pseudomonas spp.were divided into two groups on the basis of growth pattern and optimum growth temperature (Group I and II strains having optimum growth temperature below and above 25ﾟC). The two groups were different from effects of magnesium and glucose on growth, production of acid from glucose, utilization of pyruvate etc.as sole carbon source. The level of adenosine nucleotides i … More n Group I was generally highest in AMP,moderate in ADP,and lowest in ATP during growth, regardless of the growth temperatures. Almost all adenosine nucleotides in Group II were occupied by AMP through the entire growth period, independently of the growth temperatures. The adenylate energy charge (ATP+1/2ADP/ATP+ADP+AMP) during the growth phase was extremely low value (approach to the zero) in Group II.In Group I grown at the temperatures of an optimum temperature or below, adenylate concentrations in the culture increased with elongation of incubation time. In Group II,AMP concentration rose quickly, reached a maximum and then fell abruptly to the base during the logarithmic and stationary phases for growth. The similar results were also recognized in different inorganic and organic media, oxygen tentions, and pHs. These results suggest that Groups I and II are different evolutional groups, and that the growth at low temperature in psychrotrophic bacteria is connected with adenylate metabolisms. Less